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Manual Hitachi S-3400N

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  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 1

    INSTRUCTION MANUAL FOR MODEL S-3400N SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (User’s Operation/Maintenance Edition) Please read through this manual carefully before using the instrument. • Before using the instrument, read the safety instructions and precautions carefully. • Keep this manual in a safe place nearby so it can be referred to whenever neede ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 2

    NOTICE: 1. Information contained in this document is subject to change without notice for improvement. 2. This manual is copyrighted by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation with all rights reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced, transmitted or disclosed to a third party in any form or by any means without the express written permission ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 3

    FOREWORD - 1 FOREWORD APPLICATION • The S-3400N SEM utilizes an electron beam accelerated at 300V to 30kV. The instrument is designed mainly for observation and evaluation of specimens prepared for the SEM. • Note that Hitachi Science Systems, Ltd. will not be responsible for injury or damage caused by usage of the instrument in a manner not de ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 4

    FOREWORD - 2 Before using the equipment, read this instruction manual and pertinent instruction manuals of relevant accessories to assure proper operation of the equipment. Scope of Instruction Manual This instruction manual comprises the following: 1. Installation (Requirements and Items to be prepared by User) 2. Function (Description of Controls ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 5

    FOREWORD - 3 GUARANTEE Period of Guarantee The charge-free guarantee period is one year from the date of installation. Details of Guarantee (a) The instrument will be repaired free of charge if it malfunctions due to a defect in manufacture within the charge-free guarantee period. (b) Note that a substitute part may be used for repair, or replaceme ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 6

    FOREWORD - 4 GUARANTEE (i) Failure of instrument or damage of basic software, application software or other data due to a computer virus. (j) Failure of the PC used with the instrument or damage to basic software, application software and/or data because of momentary voltage drop caused by lightning or power interruption. (k) Failure of the PC used ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 7

    FOREWORD - 5 INSTALLATION AND AFTER-SALES SERVICE Installation • Only the persons who have been trained by a certified engineer of the manufacturer are allowed to carry out the installation work • Before installation, refer to section 1 and prepare the necessary utilities. • Installation at another place after delivery will be provided at cha ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 8

    FOREWORD - 6 Available Training Programs Hitachi service offers various kinds of training programs at its own facilities or at the user's site and facilities to ensure proper and safe operations of the equipment to its full performance. Please contact your sales representative about the details of the training programs and application to them. ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 9

    For Safe Handlin g SAFETY - 1 For Safe Handling Before operating the machine, read the following instructions carefully. Safety precautions are indicated with the following headings combining the alert symbol , words “Danger”, “ Wa rning”, and “Caution”, and heading words: : This safety alert symbol calls the user’s atten tion to a da ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 10

    For Safe Handlin g SAFETY - 2 General Precautions on Safety Before Using the System ■ Before using this product, read the ope rating man ual careful and be sure to under stand its conten ts. ■ The opera ting manual sh ould be kept in a safe pla ce near you fo r ready access and re ference. ■ The system should be handled accordin g to the proc ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 11

    For Safe Handlin g SAFETY - 3 General Precautions on Safety (cont’d) Precautions on Using the System ■ When leaving the system unattended , turn o ff the acceleration voltage. ■ If abnormal conditions ar ise when the system is b eing used, such as abnormal noise, noxious odor , fum es, or gas leakage , immediately shut of f the power, shut th ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 12

    For Safe Handlin g SAFETY - 4 Warnings in the Operating Manual Wa rnings p rovided in this manual and where they occur a re summarized below. ● This system does not have compon ents that requi re Danger signs. Warning Indicators ● Burns from the Rotary Pump ■ If it stops abnormally the rota ry pump remains ho t. Touching it can cause burns. D ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 13

    For Safe Handlin g SAFETY - 5 Warning Indicators (cont’d) ● Injury from Splashing Compressor Drain ■ The inside of the compressor tank is pre ssurized. When draining off the co mpressor, jerky mo tion can cause the liquid to splash, causing eye injur ies. Wh en draining off the compress or, do not stand directly in front of the drain. Turn th ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 14

    For Safe Handlin g SAFETY - 6 Caution Indicators ● Fatigue due to Long Hours of Oper ation ■ In operating the system while viewing the display, looking at the display for long hou rs at the sa me posture can build up fatigue in the eyes or body. For your health, when operating the system for long hours, ta ke a bre ak 10 to 15 minutes every hou ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 15

    For Safe Handlin g SAFETY - 7 Caution Indicators (cont’d) ● Burns from Touching the Heated Aperture Plates ■ Heated aperture plates a fter ba king are hot. Touc hing it can cause burns. Do not touch the heated aperture pla tes heated with bare hands. (Chapter 4 Maintenance) ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 16

    For Safe Handlin g SAFETY - 8 System War ning Labels Safety pages 7 to 10 sho w W arning labels tha t are a ffixed to the S-3400N. The contents of the warning labels should be chec ked against the ac tual equip ment. Wa rning labels sh ould be checked , cleaned, and maintained f rom time to time so that they are clearly visible from a safe distance ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 17

    For Safe Handlin g SAFETY - 9 （ Right side view ） (Rear view) Warning Label Past ing Locations on System Unit ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 18

    For Safe Handlin g SAFETY - 10 Warning Labels Past ing Locations on Rotary Pump Motion shielding weight Compressor （ Top view ） (Back view ） Warning Label Past ing Locations on W eight/Compressor ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 19

    For Safe Handlin g SAFETY - 11 (Front view) (Left side view) Warning Label Past ing Locations Display Unit ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 20

    For Safe Handlin g SAFETY - 12 Precautions for Proper Operation ― Precautions for t he Proper Operati on of the S-3400N ― Ab out Electric ity (a) Single-phase AC 100 V ( ± 10%), 50 /60 Hz, 2 kVA (for main unit). When the supplied power line voltage is 100 V, the instrument works by direct connection. Wh en the supplied power line voltage is ot ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 21

    For Safe Handlin g SAFETY - 13 Precautions on Proper Operation (cont’d) Third Party’s Industrial or Propr ietary Rights Hitachi Science Systems, Ltd. shall not be responsible for a third party’s claim regardin g infrin gement of any patent rights or indus trial properties with respect ei ther to produc ts manuf actured th rough the use of e q ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 22

    For Safe Handlin g SAFETY - 14 Precautions on Proper Operation (cont’d) Backup of Important Data Trouble-f ree operation c annot be guaran teed f or the co mputer system. You are recommended to copy important da ta on the hard disk into flop py disks (FD) or magneto -optical disks (MO) a t a re gular interval Ab out Computer Applications Softwar ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 23

    For Safe Handlin g SAFETY - 15 Precautions on Proper Operation (cont’d) Ab out Changes in Computer Setting s Do not change the following system settings o f your PC. These are set up at the optimum co nditions for ope ration of the S-3400N SEM before shipping . (a) Connection to the USB ports This instrument uses a USB port for c ommunication bet ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 24

    For Safe Handlin g SAFETY - 16 (e) Power Saving mode Do not use the Power Sa ving mode. It will cause trouble in communication between the PC and internal micr oprocessor. (f) Virtual memory setting Do not change the virtual memory se tting. (g) Any saved image data is subject to control by SEM data Manager. Imag e files sh ould not be renamed or d ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 25

    For Safe Handlin g SAFETY - 17 Precautions on Proper Operation (cont’d) OS Operation duri ng S-3400N SEM Operation Although the Wi ndows Task Manager can be launched from t he Taskbar o r by Ctrl+Alt+Del key ope ration, if Standby or Halt mode is set or log ged-of f while the S-3400N cont rol progr am is running, it will not work normally when re ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 26

    For Safe Handlin g SAFETY - 18 Precautions on Proper Operation (cont’d) Netwo rk Connection The PC is equipped with Ethernet ports for ne twork connectivity. Performin g a network connection using the Ethernet requires extensive knowledge of t he network environment. Such a connection should be undertaken in consultation with the Net work Adminis ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 27

    For Safe Handlin g SAFETY - 19 Precautions on Proper Operation (cont’d) Using Other Windo ws Applications Running non-SEM Windows applications (especi ally the Printer or Internet Explorer) du ring a SEM operation, esp ecially image capture, transfer of saved. Personal Computer (PC) Do not turn o ff the PC power independently. If the PC power is ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 28

    For Safe Handlin g SAFETY - 20 Precautions on Proper Operation (cont’d) Transportation and Relocation of In strument (a) The transport o f the s ystem, which carries considerable ris k, should never be attemp ted by a custome r. Any system transport should be perfo rmed with the assistan ce and supervision of Hitachi-approved engineers. (b) Do no ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 29

    PC - 1 Additional Information of PC Setting Setting of Windows (r) XP Professional Service Pack2 in S-3400N 1. Outline As of February 2005, OS of the personal computer for the PC-SEM control is Windows XP Professional Service Pack2 (SP2). In SP2, a security function is strengthening in addition to accumulation of the correction program published in ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 30

    PC - 2 The Windows Firewall is set as shown in the figure below. To restore all Windows Firewall settings to a default state, select the Advanced tab and click the Restore Defaults button. Fig. 2 The Windows Firewall Dialogs ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 31

    PC - 3 2.2 Automatic Updates (1) Click Automatic Updates in the Windows Security Center window or click the Automatic Updates tab in the System dialog. Fig. 3 The Windows Security Center Window (2) Select "Notify me but don't automatically download or install them." Fig. 4 The Automatic Updates Dialogs ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 32

    PC - 4 2.3 Virus Protection The anti-virus software is not installed. In SP2, if the anti-virus software is not installed or the date of the virus definitions file is old, message is displayed when OS starts. When the instrument is shipped from factory, the Virus Protection setting is set as follows so that the message is not displayed. (1) Click t ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 33

    PC - 5 We have tested the following anti-virus software that install in the personal computer of PC-SEM, and confirmed that the SEM control software operates correctly (as of February 2005). Symantec Norton Anti Virus 2004 Symantec Norton Anti Virus 2005 Our company doesn't support above-mentioned anti-virus software. The user is requested to ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 34

    PC - 6 (3) Appearance tab Windows and buttons: Windows XP style Color scheme: Default (blue) Effects: (Click the Effects button): do not check "Use the following method to smooth edges of screen fonts." (If it is checked, when the SEM image with a high brightness is displayed, the character of the data display becomes hard to see.) (4) Se ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 35

    PC - 7 3.4 Setting of Taskbar When the instrument is shipped from factory, the setting of the taskbar is set for the following. There is no influence in the operation of the SEM software even if this setting changes. (1) Taskbar (Right-click on the taskbar and select Properties): Check "Auto-hide the taskbar" (2) Start Menu (Select the St ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 36

    - i - T able of Contents FOREWORD ....................................................................................................... FOREWORD - 1 Scope of Instruction Manual ......................................................................... FOREWORD - 2 Acronyms ........................................................................... ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 37

    - ii - 1 SPECIFICATIONS AND INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS ......................................... 1 - 1 1.1 Specifications ........................................................................................................ 1 - 1 1.1.1 Resolution ................................................................................................ 1 - ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 38

    - iii - 2.3.6.2 Electron Gun Control Unit ........................................................ 2 - 26 2.3.6.3 Scan Control Windows ............................................................. 2 - 27 2.3.6.4 Auto Control ............................................................................. 2 - 28 2.3.6.5 Magnification Control........... ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 39

    - iv - 3 OPERATION .................................................................................................................. 3 - 1 3.1 Starting the System ............................................................................................... 3 - 2 3.1.1 Start-up Confirmation Items .................................................. ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 40

    - v - 3.5.7 Operation of the Specimen Stage (Type II - 5-Axis Motorized Stage) .... 3 - 57 3.5.7.1 Coordinate Notation ............................................................... 3 - 57 3.5.7.2 Movable Range and Specimen Exchange Position ................ 3 - 58 3.5.7.3 Setting Specimen Size and Detectors in Use ......................... 3 - 60 ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 41

    - vi - 3.9.7 Pseudo Color Display ............................................................................. 3 - 129 3.9.8 Data Entry Function ............................................................................... 3 - 130 3.9.9 Raster Rotation, Dynamic Focus and Tilt Compensation ....................... 3 - 134 3.9.10 Printing Images Us ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 42

    - vii - 4.1.3 Maintenance for the Orifice Unit ............................................................... 4 - 10 4.1.4 Maintenance for the Condenser Aperture ................................................4 - 15 4.1.5 Cleaning of Aperture Plates ..................................................................... 4 - 19 4.1.6 Ultrasonic Clea ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 43

    - viii - 6.3.1 About the External Communication of S-3400N ....................................... 6 - 10 6.3.1.1 Communication Procedure ....................................................... 6 - 10 6.3.1.2 Function and Limitation ............................................................ 6 - 10 6.3.2 Each Command .............................. ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 44

    - ix - 6.4.5.2 Display of SEM Image ............................................................ 6 - 82 6.4.5.3 Start of CD Measurement Function ........................................ 6 - 83 6.4.5.4 Setting Measurement Parameters .......................................... 6 - 84 6.4.5.5 Calibration ................................................ ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 45

    1.1.1 1 - 1 1. SPECIFICA TIONS AND INST ALLA TION REQUIREMENTS 1.1 Specifications 1.1.1 Resolution Secondary electron image resolution: 3.0 nm (30 kV acceleration voltage, in high vacuum mode) 10 nm (3 kV acceleration voltage, in high vacuum mode) Backscattered electron image resolution: 4.0 nm (30 kV acceleration voltage, in low vacuum mode) 1.1.2 ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 46

    1.1 Specifications 1 - 2 1.1.4 Specimen Goniometer Stage (a) Type I (80 x 40 stage) Range of motion: X-axis: 0 to 80 mm Y-axis: 0 to 40 mm Z-axis (WD): 5 to 35 mm R-axis (rotation): 360°, continuous T-axis (tilt): -20° to 90° Drive method: Manual drive Specimen size observable over entire region: 106 mm diameter (also R) Maximum specimen size: 2 ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 47

    1.1.6 1 - 3 Scanning mode: TV/FAST Slow Reduced area (320 x 240 pixels) Waveform display Split screen/dual mag mode High-definition capture (5120 x 3840 pixels maximum) Frame integration capture (2560 x 1920 pixels maximum) Scanning speed: TV scanning (640 x 480 pixel display: 25/30* frames/s) FAST scanning (full screen display: 6.3/7.5* frames/s) ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 48

    1.1 Specifications 1 - 4 Saving image data: Saved image size: （ 640 x 480 pixels, 1280 x 960 pixels, 2560 x 1920 pixels, and 5120 x 3840 pixels ） Applicable format: BMP, TIFF, and JPEG Image data printout: Free-layout printing feature provided Management of saved image data: S EM Da ta Ma na ge r ( an im ag e d at abase) provided (image data ma ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 49

    1.2.1 1 - 5 1.2 Installation Requirements Only the persons who have been trained by a certified engineer of the manufacturer are allowed to carry out the installation work described below. 1.2.1 General The following places or conditions should be avoided for installation of the instrument.: (1) Room adjacent to a transformer room (2) Room adjacent ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 50

    1.2 Installation Requirements 1 - 6 NOTICE: (a) Line power fluctuation should be slow, and no abrupt fluctuation is allowable. (b) Allowable line voltage fluctuation is ±10 % max. (c) This instrument over-voltage category is "CAT.II". (d) The instrument provides Main ELB of the following type. Leakage current breaker (CE conforming) Rate ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 51

    1.2.5 1 - 7 1.2.5 Stray Magnetic Field Image disturbance will be negligible when the stray magnetic field conditions shown in Tables 1.2-1 are satisfied at the instrument installation place. Before proceeding to installation, check the stray magnetic field conditions as required. Make sure that the conditions shown in the tables are satisfied. If t ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 52

    1.2 Installation Requirements 1 - 8 (a) Image expansion/contraction (b) Image distortion Fig. 1.2-1 Effect of Stray Magnetic Field Component Synchronous with Power Frequency (AC magnetic field) (a) Appearance of image disturbance (b) DC magnetic field variation Fig. 1.2-2 Effect of Stray Magnetic Field Component Asynchronous with Power Frequency (D ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 53

    1.2.5 1 - 9 Table 1.2-1 Allowable Stray Magnetic Field AC magnetic Field (rms value) DC magnetic Field Variation (peak to peak) Resolution Guaranteeing Conditions Horizontal Direction Vertical Direction Horizontal Direction Vertical Direction Accelerating voltage : 3 kV Magnification : × 30,000 WD : 5.0 mm Beam : 10 140 nT 730 nT 160 nT 820 nT Acc ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 54

    1.2 Installation Requirements 1 - 10 1.2.6 Vibrations Before installing the instrument, measure floor vibration at the site. Image trouble will not occur if the allowable values in Table 1.2-2 are satisfied under the resolution/photographing conditions. If the instrument is installed on the first floor of a reinforced-concrete (steel-framed-concret ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 55

    1.2.7 1 - 11 Type II Stage Allowable Value (high-frequency region) Frequency X, Y, Z-direction 10.0 Hz 1.0 cm/s 2 max. 50.0 Hz 2.0 cm/s 2 max. 60.0 Hz 2.0 cm/s 2 max. Acceleration 4 cm/s 2 (gal) is the same as amplitude 10 µm p-p in the frequency 10 Hz. The allowable values is the value at the prescribed image disturbance of 0.2 mm and at the X 10 ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 56

    1.2 Installation Requirements 1 - 12 Table 1.2-3 External Noise Sources Classification Noise Source Source Equipment Electric equipment with contacts Electric discharge (spark, arc) Flasher (neon sign, ornamental electric bulb), relay, electromagnetic contactor, thermostat (warmer, refrigerator, heating iron), cash register Equipment utilizing brus ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 57

    1.2.8 1 - 13 1.2.8 Disturbance by Sound Waves Sound waves (vibrations of air) adversely affect the Model S-3400N regardless of their frequency and may cause image trouble. To prevent this, confirm before installation that equipment that may cause a sonic disturbance is not located in the vicinity of the S-3400N. If such equipment exists, then check ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 58

    1.2 Installation Requirements 1 - 14 (2) Minimum required dimensions of the entrance 0.85 m (W) ×1.7 m (H) (3) Required strength of the floor () () 2 2 m space florr 8 . 9 × kg equipment of mass total 3 ) m / N ( strength floor ≧ (4) Other For layout, see Figure 1.2-3. *The chair is not contained to the instruments. Fig. 1.2-3 Layout Diagram NO ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 59

    1.3 1 - 15 1.3 Customer-supplied Items The items listed in Table 1.3-1 should be procured prior to the installation work. Table 1.3-1 Customer-supplied Items Name Quantity Comments Ethanol 500 mL Acetone 500 mL For cleaning/ultrasound cleaning of components Polyethylene gloves 1 box For handling vacuum parts Specimen vapor deposition system 1 set F ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 60

    2 2 - 1 2. FUNCTIONS This chapter explains the mechanical configuration of the S-3400N SEM and describes its software. Figures 2-1a and 2-1b show the appearance of the Model S-3400N Type I and Type II. Fig. 2-1 (a) Model S-3400N Scanning Electron Microscope, Type I Fig. 2-1 (b) Model S-3400N Scanning Electron Microscope, Type II Main unit Display u ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 61

    2.1 Control Knobs and Switches on Main Unit 2 - 2 2.1 Control Knobs and Switches on Main Unit 2.1.1 Main Unit Figure 2.1-1 shows the appearance of the S-3400N main unit (Type II). Fig. 2.1-1 External View of the Column (Type II) NOTICE: Do not touch the Condenser Lens Adjustment Screws (8 places). The position of the condenser lenses adjusted shift ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 62

    2.1.2 2 - 3 2.1.2 Electron Optical Column Figure 2.1-2 sketches the sectional view of the S-3400N column. Fig. 2.1-2 Sectional View of S-3400N Column Electron Gun 1st Condenser Lens 2nd Condenser Lens Objective Lens Movable Aperture Objective Lens Specimen Chamber Specimen Specimen Stab Specimen Stage Beam Alignment coils Deflection Coil SE Detecto ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 63

    2.1 Control Knobs and Switches on Main Unit 2 - 4 2.1.3 Specimen Stage (Type I) Figure 2.1-3 shows the Type I specimen stage. Fig. 2.1-3 Specimen Stage (Type I) • [X] control: Moves specimen in X direction within a range from 0 to 80 mm. • [Y] control: Moves specimen in Y direction within a range from 0 to 40 mm. • [Z] control: Moves specimen ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 64

    2.1.4 2 - 5 2.1.4 Specimen Stage (Type II) Figure 2.1-4 shows the appearance of specimen stage driven by motors (Type II). Fig. 2.1-4 Large Specimen Stage (Type II) • Range of movement in X direction: 0 to 100 mm • Range of movement in Y direction: 0 to 50 mm • Range of movement in Z direction: WD = 5 to 65 mm (X-ray analysis position is at 1 ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 65

    2.1 Control Knobs and Switches on Main Unit 2 - 6 2.1.5 EVAC Panel Figure 2.1-5 shows the EVAC panel. Fig. 2.1-5 EVAC Panel • Key switch: The POWER for the system unit. Insert the key and turn it to the START position to start the system. Releasing the key stops the key at the ON position. Returning the key to the OFF position shuts down the syst ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 66

    2.1.6 2 - 7 2.1.6 Evacuation System Figure 2.1-6 shows the block diagram of evacuating system. R.P 1 / (DRY POMP ) TMP R.P 2(OPTION) / (DR Y POMP) NV V1 V2 V3 V4 GV V5 V 6 V7 S.E.C (OPTION) Pi-1 Pi-2 Pi-EX V8 V9 V10 V AL VE 状態検知 Fig. 2.1-6 Evacuation System TMP: Turbo molecular pump for evacuating the specimen chamber RP: Rotary pump V1-V7: ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 67

    2.1 Control Knobs and Switches on Main Unit 2 - 8 2.1.7 System Power Distribution Board Figure 2.1-7 shows an external view of the system distribution board located in the back of the main unit. Fig. 2.1-7 System Power Distribution Board • MA IN ELB: Main breaker. At starting turn it ON. Turn it OFF for a complete shutdown. • FFB1 STAGE: Breake ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 68

    2.2.1 2 - 9 2.2 Control Knobs and Switches on Display Unit 2.2.1 Display Console Figure 2.2-1 shows the display unit. Fig. 2.2-1 Display Unit • PC: SEM control personal computer. Placed inside of the door. • Monitor display: Display monitor of PC. For adjustment of the monitor, refer to instruction manual of the monitor. Model of the monitor di ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 69

    2.2 Control Knobs and Switches on Display Unit 2 - 10 2.2.2 PC (Personal Computer) Figure 2.2-2 shows the front part of the control PC. (Because PCs undergo frequent model changes, the photograph below may not be the same as the model that is actually delivered.) Fig. 2.2-2 PC Panel • PC power switch: Power switch of PC. Usually the switch need n ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 70

    2.2.3 2 - 11 2.2.3 Manual Operation Panel Figure 2.2-3 shows the manual operation panel. Fig. 2.2-3 Manual Operation Panel • Stigma/alignment adjusting section [Stigma/alignment] [X], [Y] knobs: Use for astigmatism correction in a usual practice manual mode. In the electron optics alignment mode, these knobs serve for alignment adjustment. • Fo ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 71

    2.2 Control Knobs and Switches on Display Unit 2 - 12 2.2.4 Mouse and Trackball Figure 2.2-4 shows the mouse. The mouse has an additional two side buttons, S and E button. Fig. 2.2-4 Mouse Figure 2.2-5 shows the trackball unit. It is used for stage X and Y-axis manual operation of Type II model. Fig. 2.2-5 Trackball Unit • Ball: The field of view ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 72

    2.3.1 2 - 13 2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2.3.1 Starting the PC and Logging in the S-3400 Program Use the following steps to logon to Windows XP. (1) Starting up the PC Use the key switch to turn on the system and star it. The PC will also start up automatically. (2) Logon A message requesting key in will appear. Press Ctrl , Alt and Delete k ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 73

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 14 Fig. 2.3-1 Example of Windows Desktop (Windows XP (R) is a trademark of Microsoft Corp.) The S-3400 login dialog window will open. Fig. 2.3-2 S-3400N Login Dialog Window At the first startup after installation of the program, use the login name "S-3400" and click the OK button. You need no Passwor ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 74

    2.3.2 2 - 15 2.3.2 S-3400N SEM Main Window Figure 2.3-3 shows the main window for operation of the microscope. Fig. 2.3-3 S-3400N Main Window (Full screen display) • Title bar: Shows the window title. • Minimize button: Minimizes the window size. The window is iconized and placed on the Task bar. • Size button: The window status becomes Norma ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 75

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 16 • Operation panel: The button hides the panel, and alternate shows it again. Position of the panel can be moved to left or right side with and buttons. The display position can be moved to the right or left edge by using the , buttons. The button can be used to specify whether the panel is to be on all th ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 76

    2.3.3 2 - 17 2.3.3 Control Arrangement on the Window Operation tools are placed as follows. (1) Control panel Most frequently used controls are placed on it. (2) Operation panel The Operation Panel is comprised of four tabs: Cond. , Image , Utility , and Stage . • < Cond tab > Scanning controls, and electron optical column controls are plac ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 77

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 18 (6) Shortcut keys Some shortcut keys are specified. Refer to <2.3.20 Using Short-cut Keys>. 2.3.4 Menus The menu bar includes the following menus and commands. (1) File menu: The File menu includes commands for opening SEM Data Manager, saving files, photo recording, and image printing. • Open SEM D ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 78

    2.3.4 2 - 19 • Exit Closes SEM operation. (2) Edit menu: The Edit menu includes commands for copying viewing images and attributes to the Windows clipboard. • Copy Image : Copies viewing images to the Windows clipboard. Refer to < 3.9.11 Copy Image>. • Copy Attribute : Copies information on viewing images to the Windows clipboard. Refer ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 79

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 20 • Filament Image : Displays the Filament Image window. This button is used to perform appropriate image adjustments using a filament image. Normally this function is not used by customers. • Image Adjustment : Displays the Image Adjustment window. This button permits the performance of basic adjustment ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 80

    2.3.4 2 - 21 • Scan Mode : Selects the size of scanning image display (Screen mode) from Full , Dual and Small . Refer to <3.9.1 Screen Mode>. (6) Image menu: The Image menu includes commands for signal processing of optional detectors. • Opt. Signal Processing : Opens the Opt Signal Processing dialog window. Refer to <3.9.5 Signal Pro ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 81

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 22 • Optional Setup- Mouse Operation : Opens Mouse tab of the Optional Setup dialog window. Use for setting sensitivity of mouse operation. Refer to <3.9.14 Optional Setting>. • Optional Setup- General : Opens General tab of the Optional Setup dialog window. Use for setting various operation paramete ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 82

    2.3.4 2 - 23 (9) Window menu: The Window menu includes commands for opening the Captured Image window, and others. • Captured Image : Opens the Captured Image window. Refer to <2.3.10 Captured Image Window>. • Close All : Closes all dialog windows except for the Scanning Image window. (10) Undo menu: Returns to the status prior to conduct ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 83

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 24 2.3.5 Popup Menu Click the center (wheel) button of the mouse on the image area to open the Popup menu. The Popup menu includes frequently used commands and changes depending on present status (scan is running or frozen). (scanning) (frozen) Fig. 2.3-5 An Example of Popup Menu (1) Open when scanning • Fre ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 84

    2.3.5 2 - 25 (2) Open when frozen • RUN: Runs scanning. • Memory Photo: Photographs a frozen image (optional). • Layout Print: Opens the Report Generation dialog window. Use it for printing viewing images. • PCI transfer : Transfers a frozen image to the PC. ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 85

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 26 2.3.6 Control Panel Contains the most frequently used controls such as for image observation, and image recording. Usual operation can be performed using the Control Panel and the Manual Operation Panel . 2.3.6.1 Functional Windows on the Control Panel Electron gun control Scan control Image recording Fig. ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 86

    2.3.6 2 - 27 2.3.6.3 Scan Control Windows Fig. 2.3-8 Scan Control Block (1) Run button Used to run or freeze scanning. The button is at when scanning and changes to while scan is frozen. To stop scanning, click the button. Scanning continues until it reaches the end of the frame and then stops. During this time, the display in the upper left sectio ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 87

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 28 2.3.6.4 Auto Control Fig. 2.3-10 Auto Control (1) ABCC Starts auto brightness/contrast control ( ABCC ). If the results of ABCC are not adequate, you can change the reference brightness and contrast in the Image tab of the Setup dialog window. ABCC is applicable to SE and BSE signal. (2) AFC Starts Auto Foc ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 88

    2.3.6 2 - 29 (5) Monit Waveform monitor mode is activated. The Focus monitor and B/C monitor modes are set alternately by clicking the button. At the first click, a waveform is displayed for monitoring the focus. The magnification is set at 1,000 × . Focus the image so that the waveform shows sharp peaks. The next click changes the mode to B/C mon ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 89

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 30 2.3.6.5 Magnification Control Fig. 2.3-13 Magnification Control (1) Magnification indicator Window Indicates magnification. In this window, moving the mouse while holding down the left or right button changes magnification. To increase magnification, drag the mouse to the right. To decrease it, drag to the ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 90

    2.3.6 2 - 31 2.3.6.6 Capture Control This block is used to capture images. Fig. 2.3-15 Capture Control Unit Captures an image with pre-specified image resolution and scanning speed. Displayed figures on the capture button (the number 640 in the above example) indicates the resolution of the captured image. Clicking Scan - Capture Setup , clicking t ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 91

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 32 • Scan speed unlinked mode Fig. 2.3-17 Scan Speed Unlinked Mode Setting Irrespective of the scanning speed currently in effect, the system captures images using a specified scanning speed, Resolution , and Speed/Integration . Select one of TV , Fast , and Slow , and set the Resolution and Speed/Integratio ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 92

    2.3.6 2 - 33 2.3.6.7 Image Recording Control This block allows you to record captured images. Fig. 2.3-19 Image Recording Control Recording function buttons Of the recording functions to be used, three functions can be assigned to three buttons here. The following seven recording functions are available: Direct Save: Opens the Save Image dialog win ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 93

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 34 Clicking File - Assignment Record Buttons or clicking the button on the Image Recording Control button or right-clicking the Image Recording Control button brings up a Setup window, as shown below. From this window, functions can be assigned to three buttons: Fig. 2.3-20 Recording Function Selection Window ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 94

    2.3.6 2 - 35 2.3.6.8 EVAC/AIR Control Fig. 2.3-21 EVAC/AIR Control Clicking the EVAC button initiates the evacuation of the specimen chamber. Similarly, clicking the AIR button causes the AIR processing of the specimen chamber. The display window to the left of the EVAC button lights up when the specimen chamber is in the EVAC state; it blinks when ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 95

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 36 2.3.6.9 Stage Control （ With Type II 5-axis motor-drive stage ） Fig. 2.3-22 Stage Control (1) HOME Z10 button Moves the stage to the Exchange Position (X ＝ 60 mm, Y ＝ 25 mm, R ＝ 0°, T ＝ 0°, Z ＝ 10 mm). If the stage is in the Exchange position (the Z-axis at 10 mm), the display window on the ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 96

    2.3.6 2 - 37 2.3.6.10 Extension for Dual Screen Mode When the screen mode is Dual , the control panel is extended as follows. Fig. 2.3-23 Control Panel (Dual screen mode) (1) Right-and-left dual control The Run/Freeze , Capture , Recording, and detector selection control buttons are available in right-left configurations. By using these buttons, yo ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 97

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 38 2.3.7 Operation Panel The Operation Panel is comprised of four tabs. The Cond. , Image , and Utility tabs relate to SEM operations. On each tab, control view/hide can be specified on a user-to-user basis. The Stage tab is for operating the stage. This tab is displayed when the available stage is a Type II s ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 98

    2.3.7 2 - 39 2.3.7.1 ELECTRON BEAM Window This block allows you to turn the accelerating voltage on and off, and to set the probe current. Fig. 2.3-25 Electron Beam Window (1) Accelerating voltage selection box To set an accelerating voltage, either enter a numerical value directly in this box or select a desired value from a list that is displayed ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 99

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 40 2.3.7.2 Focusing Position (WD) WORKING DISTANCE Window This block allows you to set a focusing position. Fig. 2.3-26 Focusing Position (WD) Window (1) WD setup/display window This window displays the current working distance (the focusing position calculated from the lens current). When a working distance v ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 100

    2.3.7 2 - 41 2.3.7.3 VACUUM MODE Window This window can be used to switch vacuum modes and set a vacuum level. Fig. 2.3-27 VACUUM MODE Window (1) Vacuum mode selection control This control switches between the VP-SEM and SEM modes. If the VP-SEM mode is selected, the vacuum level is set to the level specified in the Setting Vacuum option in the blo ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 101

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 42 2.3.7.4 SCAN MODE Window This window sets the Scan Mode. Fig. 2.3-28 SCAN MODE Block (1) Norm Image observation mode (2) Line Displays a line profile of the signal intensity as a horizontal line in the observed image. This control toggles between the 1 (position setting) and 2 (line analysis) modes. (3) Spo ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 102

    2.3.7 2 - 43 2.3.7.5 CONDITION LOAD/SAVE Window This window calls and saves observation conditions and executes the operating guides. Fig. 2.3-29 CONDITION LOAD/SAVE Window (1) Load button This button opens the Op. Cond. tab on the Setup window in the Load mode. (2) Save This button opens the Op. Cond. tab on the Setup window in the Save mode. (3) ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 103

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 44 2.3.7.7 DETECTOR Window This window switches and controls detectors. Fig. 2.3-31 DETECTOR Window (1) Detector selection control This control switches detectors. (2) ABCC link check box If this box is checked, switching detectors automatically executes ABCC . With the BSE selected, switching the BSE mode or ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 104

    2.3.7 2 - 45 2.3.7.9 R.ROTATION Window The raster rotation rotates the direction of the displayed image by rotating the scanning direction of the electron beam. Fig. 2.3-33 R.ROTATION Window (1) Rotation ON/OFF check box Clicking this box and placing a checkmark on it enables raster rotation. (2) Rotation angle display/set box This box displays the ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 105

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 46 2.3.7.10 SIGNAL PROCESSING Window Applies real time digital image processing to the scanning image. Fig. 2.3-34 SIGNAL PROCESSING Window (1) Processing selection box Selects a processing. • Smooth: Applies pixel averaging spatial filtering. Reduces snow noise. Effective especially in case of high magnific ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 106

    2.3.7 2 - 47 2.3.7.11 DATA ENTRY Window Use for drawing texts and graphics on the scanning image. Fig. 2.3-35 DATA ENTRY Window Refer to <3.9.8 Data Entry Function>. 2.3.7.12 TILT COMPENSATION Window Specimen tilting causes defocusing and magnification change in the tilt direction. Tilt compensation is the tool to correct the two phenomena. F ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 107

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 48 (2) Tilt compensation Tilting the specimen causes the specimen to be viewed from a tilted direction such that the specimen appears shrunk in the direction of tilt. The tilt compensation function corrects this factor so that the magnification in the direction of tilt will be equal to the situation where ther ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 108

    2.3.8 2 - 49 2.3.8 Mouse Operation on the Scanning Image Mouse operation tools for adjusting focus, stigma, contrast, brightness and specimen stage are provided. 2.3.8.1 Exchanging Mouse Control Functions Image mouse operation can be switched to the following modes by using either the Mouse Mode on the Option menu or the Mouse Mode on the pop-up me ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 109

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 50 Area: Coarse focus adjustment: move mouse horizontally while pressing down right button. Fine focus adjustment: move mouse horizontally while pressing down left button. Area: Stigma adjustment (X): move mouse horizontally while pressing down left button. Stigma adjustment (Y): move mouse horizontally while ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 110

    2.3.8 2 - 51 2.3.8.3 Stage and Image Shift Tools Controls shown below will appear on the scanning image. Type I manual stage Type II motorized stage (X, Y, R, T, Z) Type II motorized stage (X, Y, R) Type II motorized stage (dragging with mouse) Fig. 2.3-39 Mouse Control (stage) ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 111

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 52 (1) Type I manual stage It is for image shift operation. Move the mouse pointer to a position and press down left or right button. The pointer will be changed to mark. Move mouse to target position while holding down the button and then release the button. If the above target position is near the center of ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 112

    2.3.9 2 - 53 2.3.9.1 Optics Tab The Optics tab is for setting operating condition of the electron optical column. (1) ELECTRON BEAM Window Sets electron optical system conditions. Fig. 2.3-40 Setup Window – Optics Tab (a) Vacc Sets and accelerating voltage. This function is equivalent to the ELECTRON BEAM window on the Operation Panel. (b) Emissi ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 113

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 54 Low: Long life mode (so that the filament can be used for a long time) Medium: Standard mode High: High resolution mode (when the filament current is to be set near the saturation point for the emission current) AFS can give an error if the filament is improperly installed or an emission current above a spe ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 114

    2.3.9 2 - 55 2.3.9.2 Image Tab The Image tab is for setting operating condition with respect to image observation. Fig. 2.3-41 Setup Window – Image Tab (1) ABCC Window (SE/BSE) If the results of ABCC are not adequate, you can change the reference brightness and contrast. Adjustable range is -5 to +5. Adjustments can be set independently on the SE ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 115

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 56 (3) LINE PROFILE SIGNAL Window The signal for line profile can be selected independently from the signal for image. For example, you can observe or take a photograph of an X-ray intensity line profile on the secondary electron image. Select a signal for the line profile in the box. When the Image is selecte ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 116

    2.3.9 2 - 57 (d) Back Ground Image checkbox When this box is checked, the data display is overlaid on the scanning image. If it is not checked, the background of the data display area is black. (e) Embed into Image checkbox When this box is checked, the auto data display is embedded into the image data when the image is saved to disk. If it is not ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 117

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 58 (4) FILM Window (a) Film Speed Selects a film speed (sensitivity) of the film. The brightness setting is changed internally according to the selected film speed. (b) Photo Size Selects a size of the film. The magnification is adjusted internally according to the selected size. × 1.0: for 4 × 5 inch instan ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 118

    2.3.10 2 - 59 2.3.10 Captured Image Window Captured images are displayed as thumbnails on this window. It opens when you have captured an image. Also it will open by selecting Captured Image command from Window menu or using the short-cut key (Ctrl + L). The yellow border shows the present selected image. Tool buttons placed on the window are effec ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 119

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 60 Close button: Closes the window. Closing the window does not clear thumbnails. You can open them again. : When the box is checked, auto data display at the time of capture and data written with the Data Entry function are recorded with the image. Refer to <3.6.3 Image Capture> and <2.3.18 Opt Signa ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 120

    2.3.11 2 - 61 2.3.11 SEM Data Manager Window SEM Data Manager is an image-filing program with an easy-to-operate database function. Images are registered to the database automatically when saved. For details, refer to <3.11 Using SEM Data Manager>. 2.3.12 Alignment Dialog Window The Alignment dialog window is used for alignment operations. To ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 121

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 62 • Default button: The Default button is enabled when the alignment mode is either StigmaAlignX or StigmaAlignY . If the alignment mode is StigmaAlignX , sets the stigma X alignment data to the default value, and the X of stigma to the mid-point. If the alignment mode is StigmaAlignY , sets the stigma Y al ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 122

    2.3.15 2 - 63 2.3.15 Oblique Dialog Window The Oblique dialog window is used to display an oblique image. To open the dialog window, select the Oblique command from the Analysis menu. Fig. 2.3-48 Oblique Image Window Refer to <3.9.13 Oblique Image>. 2.3.16 Password Setting Dialog Window Use the Password Setting dialog window for setting or ch ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 123

    2.3 Graphical User Interface (GUI) 2 - 64 2.3.17 Save Image Dialog Window The Save Image dialog window is used for saving scanning images or captured images. To save scanning images, use the Direct Save button on the Control Panel . Use the save button on the Captured Image window to save captured images. Fig. 2.3-50 Image Save Window See <3.6.4 ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 124

    2.3.19 2 - 65 2.3.19 Split/Dual Mag Controller Split Screen mode displays two images in the viewing area, and allows images having different signals and at different magnifications to be displayed. To open this controller, select the Split DM command from the Scan menu. For switching detectors, click the Detector button so that detector-setting con ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 125

    3 3 - 1 3. OPERA TION Shown below is the procedural flow of typical S-3400 SEM operation. For details, refer to each subsection. ● Start-up Confirmation Items (3.1.1) ● Startup Operation (3.1.2) ● Precautions Concerning Specimen Preparation (3.2.1) ● Specimen Preparation according to Material (3.2.2) ● Mounting a Specimen on the Type I St ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 126

    3.1 Starting the System 3 - 2 3.1 Starting the System 3.1.1 Start-up Confirmation Items Before starting the system, check the following items: (1) Check the amount and quality of oil in the rotary pump. See 4.2.1 Oil Change. (2) Make sure that the rubber tubes in the evacuation system are not loose or disconnected. (3) Close the drain cock of the c ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 127

    3.1.2 3 - 3 (2) Windows will start up and request to key in Ctrl + Alt + Delete will appear. Press Ctrl + Alt + Delete simultaneously (This request message will be shown or not depending on network setting of SEM computer). The logon dialog window will appear. Enter user name and password. The Windows XP will start. The following initial settings a ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 128

    3.2 Mounting a Specimen 3 - 4 3.2 Mounting a Specimen 3.2.1 Precautions Concerning Specimen Preparation During specimen preparation, observe the following. (1) Wear clean gloves when exchanging specimens. Holding the specimen or specimen stub with bare hands should be avoided. (2) Avoid using an excessive amount of conductive paste to fix a specime ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 129

    3.2.3 3 - 5 3.2.3 Mounting a Specimen on the Type I Stage (Manual Stage) IMPORTANT: The specimen base that comes with the system is round. When loading an angular specimen, select an appropriate specimen base so that the entire specimen will fit on the base. Movable range limits are established by restricting the operating range for the X and Y-axe ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 130

    3.2 Mounting a Specimen 3 - 6 Fig. 3.2-2 Measuring the Specimen Height IMPORTANT: If the specimen is tilted or the Stage Z is short, the specimen can touch the objective lens or the backscattered electron detector that is provided on the underside of the objective lens, which can result in damage to the specimen, objective lens or the backscattered ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 131

    3.2.3 3 - 7 3.2.3.4 Procedure for Loading a Specimen (1) Removing the specimen, from the specimen chamber • If the accelerating voltage is on, click the OFF button on the Control Panel to shut it off. • Press the AIR button on the EVAC panel on the front side of the main unit or click the AIR button located in the upper right section of the Con ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 132

    3.2 Mounting a Specimen 3 - 8 IMPORTANT: Do not touch the operation parts such as gears and driving screws and note that clothes are never placed when you bring the hand close to the movement mechanism in the specimen stage by the specimen exchange etc. EVAC Panel Control Panel Fig. 3.2-6 Operating the EVAC Button (evacuating the specimen chamber) ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 133

    3.2.4 3 - 9 3.2.4 Mounting a Specimen on the Type II Stage (5-axis motor-driven stage) IMPORTANT: The specimen base comes with the system is round. When loading an irregularly shaped specimen, select an appropriate specimen stub so that the entire specimen will fit on the stub. Movable range limits are established by restricting the operating range ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 134

    3.2 Mounting a Specimen 3 - 10 3.2.4.2 Measuring and Setting the Specimen Height (1) Measuring of the specimen height with the height gauge (a) The specimen is combined with the specimen stub and the specimen base stand. The height gauge indicates the height of the specimen when the specimen stub and specimen base stand (S, L) are combined as shown ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 135

    3.2.4 3 - 11 (2) Setting the Specimen Height and Specimen Height and Size The specimen height and the specimen size measured in (1) are set. This setting limits the amount of the movement of the stage (Z and T direction), and protects the specimen and and components inside the specimen chamber from damage by contact of both. (a) Moving the Stage to ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 136

    3.2 Mounting a Specimen 3 - 12 In Set Sample Size/Detector window , select from the pull-down and set the specimen height and size measured with the height gauge. Fig. 3.2-11 Set Sample Size/Detector Window NOTICE: When a specimen is observed using a specimen base for 80-mm high specimens, add -4 to the specimen height measured with the height gaug ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 137

    3.2.4 3 - 13 IMPORTANT: When the stage is in motion, the Replace Z10, Z65 HOME Z10 , Z65 button should not be pressed repeatedly. Pressing the button several times can disable the ! STOP button, and can potentially damage the specimen or components inside the specimen chamber. 3.2.4.4 Loading the Specimen (1) Removing a specimen form the chamber (a ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 138

    3.2 Mounting a Specimen 3 - 14 (2) Loading a Specimen (a) Set the specimen holder on the specimen holder receptacle on the stage. (b) Using the handles on both sides of the specimen stage, push the stage into the chamber. (c) Set the specimen height and specimen size Refer to 3.2.4.2 Measuring and Setting the Specimen Height (2) Setting the Specime ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 139

    3.3.1 3 - 15 3.3 Applying the Accelerating Voltage 3.3.1 Conditions under which Accelerating Voltage can be Applied If Electron Beam box at the left top position on the Control Panel is grayed out, the accelerating voltage can not applied, wait until the ON button is activated with the evacuation of the camber is completed. When the accelerating vo ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 140

    3.3 Applying the Accelerating Voltage 3 - 16 (c) Pressing ON on ELECTRON BEAM block on the Cond. tab on the Control Panel. Fig. 3.3-4 Applying the Accelerating Voltage (c) (d) Selecting DETAIL on the Optics tab on the Control Panel, and pressing ON on the ELECTRON BEAM menu. Fig. 3.3-5 Applying the Accelerating Voltage (d) ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 141

    3.3.2 3 - 17 (1) For accelerating voltage, select the desired accelerating voltage level from the list displayed in the accelerating voltage Vacc input section. If necessary, the Up/Down buttons can be used to set the defined value in 100V increments. If desired, a specific numerical value can be entered from the keyboard (use the Enter key to set ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 142

    3.4 Adjusting the Electron Optical System 3 - 18 3.4 Adjusting the Electron Optical System 3.4.1 Setting Parameters for the Electron Optical System Parameters for the electron optical system can be set in two locations: (1) Condition Tab (on the Control Panel) On the Condition tab, accelerating voltage Vacc , Probe Current , focusing position WORKI ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 143

    3.4.1 3 - 19 (2) Setting electron optical system parameters on DETAIL The DETAIL menu provides a consolidated view of all parameters related to the electron optical system, including Vacc , Filament Current , Gun Bias , Probe Current , WORKING DISTANCE , automated functions ( AFS and ABC ), and DeGauss . Fig. 3.4-2 DETAIL Window The following metho ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 144

    3.4 Adjusting the Electron Optical System 3 - 20 (c) Auto Beam Setting ( ABS ) ABS combines the automation functions of AFS (Auto Filament Saturation), ABA (Auto Beam Alignment), ABCC (Auto Brightness Contrast), and AFC (Auto Focus Control) to produce good-quality SEM images. This feature can be helpful when steps such as the setting the filament c ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 145

    3.4.1 3 - 21 When a WD value is selected from the list which is displayed when the ↓ button is clicked, the current for the objective lens will be set so that the specimen is in focus at that WD (the actual position of the specimen can be adjusted by manipulating the Z-axis of the specimen stage). For X-ray analysis, a WD value of 10 mm should al ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 146

    3.4 Adjusting the Electron Optical System 3 - 22 3.4.2 Axial Alignment To fully exploit the capabilities of the system, it is necessary to perform axis alignment on the electron optical system. The chart below shows axis alignment procedures. The required items should be adjusted after imaging conditions are modified. (A) Basic axis alignment while ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 147

    3.4.2 3 - 23 3.4.2.2 Axial Alignment Items in Detail (1) Preliminary checks before performing an axial alignment Before commencing an axial alignment, the following preliminary steps should be performed: (a) Place a specimen in the specimen chamber. See 3.2 Mounting Specimen. (b) Set the accelerating voltage to 5.0kV. (c) Set Probe Current on the e ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 148

    3.4 Adjusting the Electron Optical System 3 - 24 • After the alignment process is finished, click the Off button on the [Alignment] window. • Adjust the contrast so that the screen will be at the best possible brightness to view images. (B) Using the Auto feature This method allows you to perform alignment using ABA (Auto Beam Alignment) on bot ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 149

    3.4.2 3 - 25 (3) Performing a mechanical axial alignment on the objective lens movable aperture • Set the objective lens movable aperture to the number to be used (normally 2 or 3). Aperture diameters: 1: 100 µm 2: 80 µm 3: 50 µm 4: 30 µm • If the image becomes dark, adjust the contrast. • Use relatively low magnification. • Adjust the ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 150

    3.4 Adjusting the Electron Optical System 3 - 26 (4) Aperture Alignment The Aperture Alignment is designed so that the electron beam will pass through the center of the objective lens. If this alignment is not performed precisely, focusing operations can shift the image, resulting in inadequate resolution or image quality. Fig. 3.4-8 Aperture Align ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 151

    3.4.2 3 - 27 NOTICE: An accurate aperture alignment cannot be performed at a low magnification (1.000x or less). After making coarse adjustments at low magnification factor, the final adjustments should be made at 1,000x or higher. Prerequisite to an accurate aperture alignment is the correct focus adjustment. NOTICE: If the focus is changed substa ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 152

    3.4 Adjusting the Electron Optical System 3 - 28 (5) Stigma Alignment X , Y adjustments The Stigma Alignment function is designed to ensure that the image will not move during the stigma correction process. This function is also necessary for the accurate operation of Auto Stigma. Fig. 3.4-10 Selecting the Stigma Alignment (A) Basic axial alignment ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 153

    3.4.2 3 - 29 (B) Using the Auto feature Select either the Stigma Align X or Stigma Align Y button and click the Auto button to run the stigma alignment auto axial alignment ( AAA ) process. Fig. 3.4-11 Selecting the Auto Axial Alignment (AAA) • Click the Stigma Align X button. • Click the Auto button shown in the figure below. • Click the Sti ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 154

    3.4 Adjusting the Electron Optical System 3 - 30 (6) AFC Alignment adjustments The AFC Alignment function is designed to the electron beam will pass through the center of the objective lens. This function is also necessary for the accurate operation of Auto Focus and the Auto Stigma and Focus. Fig. 3.4-12 Selecting the AFC Alignment • Set the mag ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 155

    3.5.1 3 - 31 3.5 Operation for Image Observation Follow the operation below for observation of a scanning image. 3.5.1 Selecting a Detector A detector can be selected by using the DETECTOR block located in the Image tab on the Operation Panel. One of the following detectors can be selected: a secondary electron detector ( SE ), a backscattered elec ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 156

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 32 As signals detected by a detector have the following characteristics, they should be selected according to the intended purpose: Table 3.5-1 General Characteristics of Detector-dependent Signals Detector Characteristics Application SE (Secondary electron) High resolution surface information High edge contr ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 157

    3.5.1 3 - 33 3.5.1.2 Backscattered Electron Detector (BSE) For conducting observations, a backscattered electron detector is normally used in the low- vacuum mode. The backscattered electron detector picks up the electrons reflected from the specimen by means of a semiconductor sensor attached to the underside of the objective lens. The semiconduct ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 158

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 34 IMPORTANT: The BSE uses semiconductor elements in its detection unit. To prevent damage to the semiconductor elements and the specimen, the following precautions should be observed: • The movable range for the stage must be observed strictly. In particular, a short WD or a high angle tilt can cause the s ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 159

    3.5.1 3 - 35 (1) Setting the backscattered electron detector (BSE) Selecting the BSE option in the DETECTOR block produces a BSE image. This menu can be used to set the type of BSE signal, COMP , TOPO or 3D , and the amount of gains to be produced. Fig. 3.5-5 BSE Menu (a) COMP mode The COMP mode allows the observation of a composition image by expl ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 160

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 36 (c) 3D mode This mode produces enhanced Topographic or 3D images with a mixture of specimen surface composition information and topology information. Each pressing of the 3D mode button changes the intensity of shading. Fig. 3.5-8 3D Mode For BSE Gain , normally select a level 3. If the amount of detected ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 161

    3.5.1 3 - 37 Fig. 3.5-9 BSE Detail Dialog IMAGE MODE: This button switches between detection modes, similar to pressing the COMP/TOPO/3D buttons in the DETECTOR block. ELEMENT SETTING: Either select radio buttons A-E or click elements in the detector sensor diagram to set each element to +/ － /OFF . 3.5.1.3 Other Detectors (optional) By selecting ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 162

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 38 3.5.2 Selecting Magnification There are several ways to select a magnification. (1) Manual Operation Panel The MAGNIFICATION knob can be used to set a magnification. See 2.2.3 Manual Operation Panel. (2) Dragging the mouse in the Magnification indication area on the Control panel. Fig. 3.5-10 Magnification ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 163

    3.5.2 3 - 39 3.5.2.1 Notes on Using the Lowest Magnification and Conducting Observations at a Low Magnification (1) Range of minimum magnifications Table 3.5-2 shows available minimum magnifications for the various observation parameters. The minimum magnification is subject to restrictions by WD and accelerating voltage, scan speed. Table 3.5-2 Mi ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 164

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 40 (2) Notes on operating at low magnifications. In the light gray range shown in Table 3.5-2, depending on the particular observation parameters employed (especially low accelerating voltages or low-magnification at a short WD), the use of the No. 4 or 3 objective lens movable aperture with Slow scan speed c ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 165

    3.5.2 3 - 41 HINT: The light and dark gray observation conditions shown in Table 3.5-2 permit wide FOV observations, which are suitable for searching for a specimen. Under such conditions, observations should be conducted by changing the objective lens movable aperture to No. 1 or 0. NOTICE: Auto magnification fraction adjustment The auto fraction ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 166

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 42 3.5.3 Selecting Scanning Speed Twelve scanning speeds are available with four buttons. To select a scanning speed, click one of the Scan speed icons on the Control panel. Fig. 3.5-13 Scanning Control Unit Two scanning speeds are assigned to each button. They are set alternately by clicking the button. The ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 167

    3.5.3 3 - 43 (3) Slow Scanning : Slow1 and Slow2 are relatively fast slow scans. These two speeds are asynchronous to AC line frequency. It may cause some field magnetic disturbance at high magnification and/or low kV condition. Use for a field search of the specimen, coarse focus, etc. Slow 1: About 1 s/frame (Full screen) About 0.5 s/frame (Small ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 168

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 44 3.5.4 Image Brightness and Contrast Adjustment Image brightness and contrast can be adjusted both manually and automatically. BC Monitor mode is also available for manual adjustment. A histogram of present image can be shown for reference of adjustment. (1) Auto adjustment ( ABCC ) Click the ABCC button on ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 169

    3.5.4 3 - 45 (2) Manual adjustment using the mouse on the GUI The cursor changes to the B/C cursor . Drag the mouse while holding down the left button to adjust brightness; and while holding down the right button to adjust contrast. Drag it to the right to increase and to the left to decrease brightness or contrast. Sensitivity of mouse operation c ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 170

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 46 (5) Histogram display A histogram of the corrent image can be shown. To show histogram, select Show Histogram from Image menu. This function periodically calculates and displays a histogram of the displayed image. Fig. 3.5-17 Histogram 3.5.5 Focus and Astigmatism Correction Focus and astigmatism correction ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 171

    3.5.5 3 - 47 (b) Adjust the stigmators X and Y alternately for the sharpest image. Fig. 3.5-19 Stigma Adjustment (c) Focus again and check image drift and sharpness. (d) Repeat steps (a) to (c) until adjustments are completed. NOTICE: If it takes a long time to focus and correct astigmatism, you may end up with specimen damage due to electron beam ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 172

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 48 (3) Manual Focus Manual focusing can be done using the control knobs on the operation panel or the mouse in the Scanning Image window. (a) Knob operation Use Focus control knobs COARSE and FINE on the manual operation panel. (b) Mouse operation Move the mouse cursor to the lower half of the image, where th ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 173

    3.5.5 3 - 49 (5) Manual astigmatism correction Manual astigmatism correction can be done using the knobs on the manual operation panel or with the mouse operation in the Scanning Image window. (a) Knob operation Use Stigma control knobs X and Y on the operation panel. (b) Mouse Operation Move the mouse cursor to the top left quadrant of the image, ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 174

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 50 Fig. 3.5-20 Dynamic Stigma Monitor When placed on the observation image, the cursor becomes a cross-hair cursor. Clicking an in-focus point on the image moves the selected in-focus point to the center. Alternatively, the stigma knobs X and Y can be used to align the in-focus point with the center of the im ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 175

    3.5.5 3 - 51 (5) Focus Monitor mode A waveform is displayed for monitoring the focus. The magnification is set at 1,000 × . To start the Focus Monitor, click the Monitor button on the Control panel and focus the image so that the waveform shows sharp peaks. Defocused Focused Fig. 3.5-22 Focus Monitor Mode To close the Focus Monitor, click the Canc ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 176

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 52 3.5.6 Operation of the Specimen Stage (Type I - Manual Stage) The S-3400N Type I SEM provides a 5-axis manual stage. 3.5.6.1 Movable Range and Specimen Exchange Position The following table shows movable range and specimen exchange position. The specimen exchange position is indicated on the label on the s ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 177

    3.5.6 3 - 53 Fig. 3.5-23 Observable Ranges in X and Y Directions by Specimen Size (Type I stage - not using an optional detector) ∅ 77 sample 77 mm ∅ sample （80,0） （0,0） （80,40） （0,40） （30,20） Observable area Observable by rotation ∅ 102 sample 102 mm ∅ sample （0,40） （80,40） （0,0） （80,0） （30,20） 85 mm ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 178

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 54 3.5.6.4 Tilt and Z Axis Limitations The allowable tilting angle depends on both Z-axis position and specimen size. A diagram of the relationship between allowable tilt angles for various Z positions is shown below. The values shown here represent the case where the specimen height is set in the Standard po ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 179

    3.5.6 3 - 55 Fig. 3.5-25 Allowable Angle of Tilt (Type I) with respect to the Z Axis (negative angle of tilt) IMPORTANT: Set Z and T within the allowable range; otherwise, the specimen may strike the objective lens or BSE detector and cause damage to both specimen and them. 3.5.6.5 Operating the Z-axis (varying the Working Distance [WD]) Turning th ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 180

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 56 3.5.6.6 Checking the Ranges of T-axis Tilting and Z-axis Motion when Observing a Bulk Specimen When observing a specimen that is higher than the Standard position on the height gauge or a bulk specimen, the interference verification protective fixture should be used when inserting the specimen stage so tha ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 181

    3.5.7 3 - 57 3.5.7 Operation of the Specimen Stage (Type II - 5-Axis Motorized Stage) The S-3400N Type II SEM provides a 5-axis motorized stage. 3.5.7.1 Coordinate Notation S-3400N utilizes two coordinate notation systems, Stage (Mechanical) Coordinate and Sample Coordinate . The Sample Coordinate system will be better for using the Rotation Assist ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 182

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 58 Fig. 3.5-28 Coordinate System Area NOTICE: The sample coordinate is not exactly the coordinate of the sample. It is not rotated with the sample when it is rotated. 3.5.7.2 Movable Range and Specimen Exchange Position (1) Movable Range and Specimen Exchange Position The following table shows the movable ran ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 183

    3.5.7 3 - 59 Table 3.5-5 Restrictions on Operation by Specimen Size (Type II Stage) X Motion Range Y Motion Range ∅ 15 mm 52~68 17~33 ∅ 26 mm 46.5~73.5 11.5~38.5 ∅ 32 mm 43.5~76.5 8.5~41.5 ∅ 51 mm 34~86 0~50 ∅ 15 mm x 4 34~86 0~50 ∅ 77 mm 21~99 0~50 ∅ 85 mm 17~100 0~50 ∅ 102 mm 0~100 0~50 ∅ 127 mm 0~100 0~50 ∅ 153 mm 0~100 0~50 ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 184

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 60 IMPORTANT: The Exchange Z10 [ HOME Z10 ] button moves the Z-axis of the specimen stage to the 10 mm mark. Therefore, if the Exchange Z10 [ HOME Z10 ] button is pressed when a tall specimen not suitable for the Z-axis 10 mm mark is mounted, the specimen will touch the BSE located on the underside of the obj ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 185

    3.5.7 3 - 61 (2) When the dialog shown in the figure below appears, click the button to select Size and Height from the list and check the applicable detector. Press the OK button to confirm the settings and close the dialog box. Fig. 3.5-31 Set Window 3.5.7.4 Operation Methods Used to Move the Specimen Stage The following operation methods are ava ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 186

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 62 The figure below illustrates the Stage tab on the Operation Panel: Fig. 3.5-32 Stage Operation Panel Disp button Start stage history function Tilt scrollbar & coordinate box Tilt axis coordinate display & spec. Focus Link checkbox Z motion focus trail s p ec. Eucentric Tilt checkbox Tilt motion euc ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 187

    3.5.7 3 - 63 3.5.7.5 X, Y, R Axis Operation (1) Manual operation using trackball Stage moves in the direction of trackball rotation. Fig. 3.5-33 Trackball • Amount of stage motion by ball rotation is linked with magnification. To move a long distance, it is advisable to lower the magnification. • The amount of stage motion with respect to the a ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 188

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 64 (4) Mouse operation on the scanning image Operation of all 5 axes by using the mouse is available. Refer to <3.5.7.7 Mouse Operation of Stage on the Scanning Image>. (5) Moving the X and Y-axes in defined steps By entering the number of steps by which the X and Y-axes are to be moved in the [Step] bo ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 189

    3.5.7 3 - 65 (8) Position display The size of the specimen, its present position and rotation angle are displayed on the XYR position monitor area. Fig. 3.5-35 Position Display When sample and stage coordinates are selected, the following scale values apply; the example below applies to a ∅ 15 mm sample. When the specimen is moved, the numbers as ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 190

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 66 3.5.7.6 Z and Tilt Axis Operation (1) Operation using the Z/TILT box of the Stage tab on the Operation Panel (coordinates specifications) When moving Z and Tilt axis by specifying a set of coordinates, use the Z and Tilt scrollbars to specify coordinates, and then click the GO button. Z and Tilt axis coord ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 191

    3.5.7 3 - 67 3.5.7.7 Mouse Operation of Stage on the Scanning Image Use the Mouse Mode on the Option menu or the Mouse Mode on the popup menu to activate the stage and image shift operation mode (the condition in which the Stage Move tool shown in the figure below is displayed). (Operation mode without T, Z tools is also available.) Fig. 3.5-37 Ima ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 192

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 68 (2) Dragging the image At the outside of tools, where the mouse pointer is MOVE mark , place the mouse cursor at a start point on the scanning image. Move the mouse to an end point holding down the left button (a red line is drawn), and release it. The stage is then driven so that the image at the start po ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 193

    3.5.7 3 - 69 (5) Electrical image shift The Electrical Image Shift function moves the scanning image electrically. It is useful at high magnifications where mechanical stage motion is not desired. To move the image with Electrical Image Shift, use the same operation as in the above (2) but use right button instead of left button. When you press rig ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 194

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 70 (7) R axis continuous driving On the rectangles of the R axis tool, mouse pointer will be changed as shown below. Fig. 3.5-42 R-axis Moving Tool (continuous move) Press down the left button on one of the rectangles. Stage will be rotated continuously while holding the button down. On the right side rectang ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 195

    3.5.7 3 - 71 (9) Z axis continuous driving On the rectangles at the top and bottom of Z-axis tool, mouse pointer will be changed as shown below. Fig. 3.5-44 Z-axis Moving Tool (continuous move) Press down the left button on one of the rectangles. The stage will go up or down continuously while holding the button down. On the top rectangle, stage mo ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 196

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 72 (11) Tilt axis continuous driving On the rectangles at the top and bottom of Tilt axis tool, mouse pointer will be changed as shown below. Fig. 3.5-46 Tilt-axis Moving Tool (continuous move) Press down the left button on one of the rectangles. Tilt axis will move continuously while holding the button down. ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 197

    3.5.7 3 - 73 (12) Rotation adjust tool The rotation adjust tool is convenient for adjusting an image to horizontal. Move the mouse at about the center of the tool. Mouse pointer will be changed to array mark . Press down the left button and move the tool to fit an end to the inclined line part to be rotated to horizontal. Press down the left button ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 198

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 74 (13) To move tools The Z, Tilt and R adjust tools can be placed anywhere in the scanning image. The mouse pointer will be changed as shown below when mouse is moved to about the center of vertical line part of Z tool, near the intersecting point of Tilt tool, and center of horizontal line part of R adjust ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 199

    3.5.7 3 - 75 3.5.7.8 Position Memory Function The stage coordinates, both absolute and relative, can be memorized and retrieved. 200 absolute coordinates (20 points on each of 10 pages) and 20 relative coordinates can be saved in total. Three axes, X, Y, and R, can be registered. Click the Memory button on the Stage tab. The following Position Memo ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 200

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 76 (4) Registration of relative stage coordinates by direct input (a) Select page Rel and Number . (b) Input coordinates in X , Y and R boxes using the keyboard followed by the Enter key. Input any comments in the Comment box and click Save . (5) Moving the stage to a memorized position To move the stage to a ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 201

    3.5.7 3 - 77 3.5.7.9 Stage History Function Displays present position and registered positions on a specimen picture with trajectory lines showing the order of registration. Click the Disp button in the XYR block on the Stage tab. The Stage History dialog box will open. Fig. 3.5-50 History Display Box (1) Display The white circle represents the stu ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 202

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 78 (4) Deleting registered points To delete points individually, select the point and click the Delete button. To delete all points, click the Clear button. (5) Saving and reading history data To save displayed position data, click the Save button. A dialog box for saving will open. Specify folder and file na ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 203

    3.5.7 3 - 79 3.5.7.10 Image Navigation The Image Navigation function moves the stage to the position pointed out on the navigation images. Captured SEM images at low magnification as well as imported externally created images, such as optical microscope images or drawings, are available as navigation images. In this case, alignment operations are n ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 204

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 80 NOTICE: • Use the navigation image function at magnification lower than 5000 × . Capturing of higher magnification image is not allowed. • When the following operations are performed, the precious image becomes unregistered, and the [Need Refresh] window will blink in red: (a) When the R, T, or Z-axis ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 205

    3.5.7 3 - 81 (5) Alignment operation To use imported images for navigation, alignment operation is necessary. Select two alignment points on a navigation image. These two points shall be separated left - right or upper - lower side of the image center. (a) Select the object, which corresponds to the first alignment position on scanning image. (b) C ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 206

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 82 NOTICE: • The two alignment points on the navigation image shall be separated left - right or upper - lower side of the image center. The navigation image is divided into four areas with cross marker in the alignment operation. Alignment points shall be selected on two different areas. • When you have ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 207

    3.5.7 3 - 83 3.5.7.11 Rotation/Tilt Eucentric Function and Calibration The rotation eucentric function serves to keep the present field of view after specimen rotation. It calculates XY position that will recover the present viewing position after rotation axis is driven using the present XY position and the angle to be rotated. XY axes are moved t ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 208

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 84 NOTICE: For this auxiliary operation, a flat specimen should be used and the specimen height should be measured as accurately as possible using the height gauge. This series of operations will automatically move the R, Z, and T-axes of the stage. (3) Stage tilt calibration - Calibration necessary for each ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 209

    3.5.7 3 - 85 (c) Click the Reset button. The following message will appear. Fig. 3.5-56 Confirming the Operation Method As described in the message, bring the structure of interest to the image center at a magnification of about 500 × , then click Enter button of Tilt 0 deg. (d) Stage is moved to tilt angle of 20°. Again bring the structure of in ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 210

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 86 (4) Calibration is necessary when accuracy is degraded. Carry out the following three calibrations when accuracy of eucentricity is degraded. (a) Rotation center It measures the deviation of the rotation center from the beam irradiation point. For this auxiliary operation, use a specimen base (height: 6 mm ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 211

    3.5.7 3 - 87 5) The specimen rotates to an angle of 90°. Again bring the point of interest to the center and click Enter button. 6) In the same way, each click of Enter button rotates the specimen 45° at a time. Bring the point of interest to the center each time and then click Enter . Upon clicking Enter at a rotation angle of 315°, a Calibrati ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 212

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 88 3) Click the Reset button. The following message indicating steps of operation will be shown. Fig. 3.5-60 Verifying the Operating Method As described in the message, bring the point of interest to the image center at a magnification of about 500 × , then click Enter button of Tilt 0°. 4) The stage will b ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 213

    3.5.7 3 - 89 3) Click the Reset button. The following message indicating steps of operation will be shown. Fig. 3.5-62 Verifying the Operating Method Upon closing the message, the Z-axis will be driven to 30 mm. Carry out focusing and set magnification to about 500 × , then bring the point of interest to the image center and click Enter button. 4) ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 214

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 90 3.5.7.12 Stopping Stage and Returning to Previous Stage Position If an incorrect position specification must be canceled when the stage is moving to a coordinate specification or the stage keeps moving and does not stop for some reason, click the !STOP button. Fig. 3.5-63 !STOP Button To return to a previo ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 215

    3.5.7 3 - 91 (2) Observable range The following page shows the X and Y observable ranges by specimen size, and mutual restrictions on the Z and Tilt axes at the Standard height, and the movable range for the Tilt axis as a function of specimen height by specimen size. With regard to Z and Tilt restrictions, for an actual movable range, if either th ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 216

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 92 Fig. 3.5-65 X and Y Movable Ranges for the Type II Stage by Specimen Size (when an optional detector is not used) ∅ 77 sample 77 mm ∅ sample （79,0） （1,0） （79,50） （1,50） （40,25） Observable area Observable by rotation ∅ 102 sample 102 mm ∅ sample （0,50） （100,50） （0,0） ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 217

    3.5.7 3 - 93 Type II stage Movable range of the Tilt axis with respect to Z values st Standard specimen height by specimen size (when an optional detector is not used) • Restrictions on positive angles of tilt Fig. 3.5-66 Tiltable Angles with respect to Z-axis Positions (Type II) (positive angles of tilt) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 7 ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 218

    3.5 Operation for Image Observation 3 - 94 • Restrictions on positive angles of tilt (when an optional detector is not used) Fig. 3.5-67 Tiltable Angles with respect to Z-axis Positions (Type I Stage) (negative angles of tilt) (3) Limitation and evacuation when an optional detector is inserted Some optional detectors have sensor switches and are ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 219

    3.6.1 3 - 95 3.6 Saving and Recording Images 3.6.1 Saving and Recording Images It is possible to record images using conventional photo films and printers, and/or as image data files (to disk drive). There are four methods of image recording: (1) Taking photographs (optional photo-recording unit is necessary) For photographic image recording, you c ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 220

    3.6 Saving and Recording Images 3 - 96 3.6.2 Preparing Images for Recording The source of images to be recorded is frozen images in the image memory except for direct photographing. (1) Freezing an image (a) Using Run/Freeze button Scanning image will be frozen. When scanning speed is slow, scanning continues to the end of the frame and then, the i ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 221

    3.6.3 3 - 97 (b) Data Entry When recording scanning images, graphics and texts written using Data Entry function are recorded as they are shown on the scanning image. When recording captured images using command buttons placed on the Captured Image window, graphics and texts written before starting capture are embedded into captured images and reco ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 222

    3.6 Saving and Recording Images 3 - 98 • 640 x 480: Low resolution Advantageous for small image sizes and faster acquisition times. • 1280 x 960: Medium resolution Adequate image quality with reasonable acquisition times. Recommended for usual operation. • 2560 x 1920: High resolution Fine quality image. The large image size results in a long ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 223

    3.6.3 3 - 99 (2) Selecting the number of integration frames and the speed of slow scanning capture Either click the Capture Setting button ( ) in the upper right section of the Capture button on the Control Panel or right-click the Capture button to bring up a list of capture settings. Fig. 3.6-2 Link to Scanning Speeds Selected • The scanning sp ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 224

    3.6 Saving and Recording Images 3 - 100 Fig. 3.6-3 No Link to a Scanning Capture Link • The Scanning Speed Link is not check-marked: Irrespective of the current scanning speed, the capturing process is executed at the scanning rate selected on the TV/Fast/Slow radio button. • TV/Fast: Select the desired number of integration frames (16 to 1024 ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 225

    3.6.3 3 - 101 (3) Image Capture To start Image Capture, click the Capture button on the Control panel . Image capture can be started either in RUN or FREEZE status. (4) Displaying a captured image After the scanning is finished, the Captured Image window opens and the captured image is added in the list as a thumbnail. Fig. 3.6-4 Captured Image Lis ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 226

    3.6 Saving and Recording Images 3 - 102 3.6.4 Saving a Scanning Image (Direct Save) The scanning image, simply frozen or captured, can be saved. Resolution of saved image is 1280 x 960 or 640 x 480 depending on present screen mode when saved just after freezing the image. When saved after capturing, resolution follows capture resolution. Graphics a ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 227

    3.6.4 3 - 103 Fig. 3.6-6 Settings Window Record Tab In the above case, resulting file names are [S3400_i001.TIFF], [S3400_i002.TIFF] and so on. If the Auto Increment is not set when the Data Number Save is selected, Following message will be shown. Fig. 3.6-7 Data No. Save Window If the function is reset so that the above auto incrementing is not p ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 228

    3.6 Saving and Recording Images 3 - 104 (3) Input INFORMATION. User Name , Sample Name , Keywords can be selected from already used names or created newly. Entry of these items is not necessary but useful for selection of files in the SEM Data Manager . (4) Set options. The saved data is automatically registered to SEM Data Manager database when th ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 229

    3.6.5 3 - 105 3.6.5 Saving Captured Images Captured images can be saved using the Save button in the Captured Image window. To save captured images, select an image by clicking a thumbnail or multiple images by clicking thumbnails and pressing Ctrl key. Also multi selection with Shift key is available. The Save button opens the Save Image dialog wi ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 230

    3.6 Saving and Recording Images 3 - 106 3.6.6 Taking Photographs (Option) To take a photograph of an image, use one of two modes: Direct Photo mode and Memory Photo mode. Direct Photo: Direct Photo mode takes a photograph while directly scanning the electron beam. Memory Photo: Memory photo mode can produce photographs of simply frozen or captured, ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 231

    3.6.6 3 - 107 (1) Photo Speed • Direct Photo Recommended selection is 80 seconds. Use a 40-second scan for beam-sensitive specimens, or to shorten recording time. A selection of 160 or 320 seconds is recommended for recording X-ray mapping images. Number of scanning lines is shown below the selection box. • Memory Photo The number of scanning l ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 232

    3.6 Saving and Recording Images 3 - 108 3.6.6.2 Direct Photo Recording Direct Photo mode takes a photograph while directly scanning the electron beam. It generally shows better image quality compared to the Memory Photo mode. To start recording, click the Photo button on the Control panel or select the Direct Photo command from the File menu. The s ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 233

    3.6.7 3 - 109 3.6.7 Recording Data Display with Images Text and graphics drawn using Auto Data Display and Data Entry function are embedded into image data as follows. 3.6.7.1 Image Recording Using Menu Commands or Buttons on the Control Panel When images displayed on the scanning image screen are saved, photographed, printed or transferred to PCI ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 234

    3.6 Saving and Recording Images 3 - 110 3.6.7.2 Captured Image Recording Using Buttons on the Captured Image Window When images are captured, text and graphics shown on the image at the moment of starting capture are memorized as the data for the captured image. The memorized data will be recorded when the image is recorded using command buttons on ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 235

    3.6.7 3 - 111 3.6.7.3 Record Captured Images without Embedding Text or Graphic Data When the Embed into Image checkbox on the Captured Image window is not checked, captured images are recorded without embedding text or graphic data even if the data has been memorized at the moment of capture. This selection can be set at just before carrying out re ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 236

    3.8 Shutting Down 3 - 112 3.8 Shutting Down 3.8.1 Turning High Voltage Off (1) Close opening dialog windows. Save data if necessary. (2) Click the Acceleration Voltage OFF button on the Control Panel to turn off the acceleration voltage. 3.8.2 Setting the Stage at the Specimen Exchange Position (1) Type I (manual stage) Align the axial scale with t ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 237

    3.8.3 3 - 113 3.8.3 Withdrawing the Specimen The following procedures can be employed to withdraw a specimen from the specimen chamber: (1) On the EVAC panel located on the front side of the main unit, press the AIR button. Alternatively, click the AIR button located in the upper right section of the Control Panel. This introduces air into the spec ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 238

    3.8 Shutting Down 3 - 114 (3) If the vacuum mode is set to Low Vacuum ( VP-SEM ) on the Operation Panel, change it to High Vacuum ( SEM ). (4) Grasp the handle. Insert the specimen stage into the specimen chamber. On the EVAC panel on the front side of the main unit, press the EVAC button. Alternatively, click EVAC located in the upper right sectio ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 239

    3.8.5 3 - 115 If the processing is not completely finished, the following message appears. If this happens, take appropriate action: • Some of the captured images still need to be saved: [There are unsaved images in the capture area. Do you want to save them?] Click "Yes" to save. An Image Save dialog appears. • The acceleration volta ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 240

    3.9 Other Functions 3 - 116 3.9 Other Functions In addition to the basic operations described above, the system provides various functions, which should be employed depending on the particular application to be accomplished. 3.9.1 Screen Mode Screen modes, Full , Dual or Small are selectable with SCREEN MODE window of the operation panel. Fig. 3.9- ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 241

    3.9.1 3 - 117 (2) Small screen mode Scanning image size is reduced to half. Image resolution is 640 × 480 pixels. Faster scanning rate compared with Full screen mode may result in better image quality in some cases. Magnification of displayed image is about 1.5 times the indication. Fig. 3.9-3 Small Display Mode (3) Dual screen mode Two 640 × 480 ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 242

    3.9 Other Functions 3 - 118 • Run/Freeze operation Using the buttons located in the right and left frames at the top of the screen, Panels A and B can independently be toggled Run/Freeze. To toggle Run/Freeze both for Panels A and B at the same time, use the button at the center. • Capturing images To capture an image on one of the two screens, ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 243

    3.9.2 3 - 119 3.9.2 Split Screen and Dual Mag Mode In the split screen/dual mag mode, the screen can be split two ways to display dissimilar signal images, such as a secondary electron image and a backscattered electron image on the right and left screens (split screen). It is also possible to enlarge a part of the left screen to display it on the ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 244

    3.9 Other Functions 3 - 120 3.9.3 Signal Selection and Color Mixing The S-3400N has three external signal channels for optional signal detectors and one X-ray signal input, in addition to the standard secondary electron detector. When these detectors are installed, you can select a signal from among these detectors. Using Dual screen mode or Split ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 245

    3.9.3 3 - 121 (2) Signal selection in Dual mode Fig. 3.9-10 Enhanced Control Panel for Dual Mode In the Dual mode, use the left box to select Panel A (left image), and the right box to select Panel B (right image) signals. Brightness and contrast adjustments using the mouse on the screen work on the image signals that are selected on the signal sel ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 246

    3.9 Other Functions 3 - 122 (4) Color Mixing mode (available in Dual mode) When different signals are assigned to the right and left screens, this feature assigns different colors (R/G/B) to the two signals to display a mixed color image. The image on the right will be in color. First, turn on the Dual mode, and then assign different signals to the ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 247

    3.9.4 3 - 123 3.9.4 X-ray Analysis Mode Scanning modes for analysis is available in the Full and Small screen modes. Use the SCAN MODE block in the operation panel. Fig. 3.9-13 SCAN MODE Window (1) Normal mode Normal image observation mode. Click this to return from analysis modes. (2) Line Analysis mode Displays a line profile of the signal intens ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 248

    3.9 Other Functions 3 - 124 Fig. 3.9-14 LINE PROFILE SIGNAL Window The Run/Freeze button changes run and stop alternately. In the Freeze state, the line profile of an image is displayed clearly. Recommended procedure for taking a photograph is: 1) Observe an image in Position Set mode at Slow2 or slower scanning speeds. Click the Line Analysis butt ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 249

    3.9.4 3 - 125 (b) Spot Analysis mode When the Spot Analysis button is clicked in Position Set mode, the scanning image is frozen and the electron beam is positioned at the cross point of the cursor. You can make analysis of this point. The cursor can also be moved in this mode with the same operation as above. The Run/Stop button and Scanning Speed ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 250

    3.9 Other Functions 3 - 126 3.9.5 Signal Processing Processing of the image signal is available on a live image. For SE signal, digital processing, spatial filtering, gamma control and inversion can be applied. In addition, analog signal processing is available for an optional detector signal. (1) Digital signal processing Use SIGNAL PROCESSING blo ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 251

    3.9.5 3 - 127 (c) Edge Enhance (1/2) Similar but stronger effect than the above Sharpen . (d) Invert Inverse contrast. (e) Gamma (-5 to +5) Plus value of Gamma suppresses white contrast and enhances dark part. Minus value increases contrast. NOTICE: 1. The digital processing is applied to saved images and pictures taken using Memory photographing. ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 252

    3.9 Other Functions 3 - 128 3.9.6 Operating Condition Memory The Operating Condition Memory is provided for saving and loading conditions of the electron optical column. If the column is aligned and a specimen is observed at a particular accelerating voltage, the same condition can be reproduced by saving and loading the condition memory. (1) Savin ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 253

    3.9.6 3 - 129 (2) Loading a Set of Operating Conditions Use the following steps to load a set of operating conditions. (a) Open the Setup dialog window Select Condition Load from the Operate menu, or click the Setup button in the tool button section of the Operation panel and select Op.Cond tab. Select Load Memorized Condition on it. (b) Select a c ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 254

    3.9 Other Functions 3 - 130 3.9.8 Data Entry Function Use the DATA ENTRY window on the Operation panel for drawing graphics and texts on the scanning image display. For saved image, use the same function provided in the SEM Data Manager . Fig. 3.9-22 Data Entry Window (1) Function of tool buttons (a) Stop data entry Stops data entry. Tool buttons a ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 255

    3.9.8 3 - 131 (e) Arrow Draws single-head arrow marks on the image. (f) Double head arrow Draws double-head arrow marks on the image. (g) Inner dimension mark Draws inner dimension arrow marks on the image. (h) Outer dimension mark Draws outer dimension marks on the image. (i) Inner dimension mark with measurement Draws inner dimension marks with m ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 256

    3.9 Other Functions 3 - 132 (q) Select buttons or button selects graphics or text on the image in order. A selected graphics is indicated with gray color and a surrounding dotted line box. A selected text is indicated with gray color and black background. They can be moved and re-positioned by mouse dragging. A selected text can be edited by double ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 257

    3.9.8 3 - 133 (5) Recording entry data with images According to entry data, recording refer to < 3.6.7 Recording Data Display with Images>. NOTICE: The Auto Data Display mode saves the data displayed on the screen together with the image itself if the [Embed into Image] checkbox is turned ON in the Record tab of the Setup window. If the check ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 258

    3.9 Other Functions 3 - 134 3.9.9 Raster Rotation, Dynamic Focus and Tilt Compensation (1) Raster Rotation Scanning of electron beam can be rotated within a range of -200° to +200°, using the slider. This allows observation of an image at the best orientation. Use the R. ROTATION window on the Operation panel . Fig. 3.9-23 R.ROTATION Window To op ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 259

    3.9.9 3 - 135 Fig. 3.9-24 TILT COMPENSATION Window Use the following steps to focus the entire field. (a) Set the Raster Rotation angle at 0 . In this condition, direction of the scanning beam coincides with the specimen tilting direction. (b) Check the Dynamic Focus box and focus the image so that the center of the image is focused. Adjust the Dyn ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 260

    3.9 Other Functions 3 - 136 3.9.10 Printing Images Using Report Generation Function The scanning image or saved image can be printed using a Windows-supported printer. This function allows you to lay out and print one or more images on paper with a specified size. (1) Report Generation function The Report Generation window will open by selecting La ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 261

    3.9.10 3 - 137 Fig. 3.9-26 Image Setting Menu • Format This allows you to specify whether the file name of the image to be printed should be printed independently in the upper left portion of the image or it should be printed as part of the image attribute section. • Size - Photo Size (127 mm x 96.3 mm) When an image is added, the same image si ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 262

    3.9 Other Functions 3 - 138 Images can be added from the Add tab. Fig. 3.9-27 Add Tab (4) Adjusting layout and image size To adjust image size on the sheet, select an image by clicking it and drag the lower-right corner. To move an image, drag it using the mouse. The Arrange button on the toolbar arranges images automatically. When adjusting the la ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 263

    3.9.10 3 - 139 (5) Text information • Header and Footer On the Setting tab, enter the header and footer texts. Both are printed on the sheet when Header and Footer boxes are checked. Fig. 3.9-29 Header/Footer Control • File name and image information File Name , Micron Marker and Image Info rmation are printed around the image when check boxes ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 264

    3.9 Other Functions 3 - 140 The comment placed on the sheet can be moved by mouse dragging. To edit a comment, double-click it. The comment input dialog window will open and you can edit the comment on it. To delete a comment, highlight the comment with the mouse, and then press the Delete button on the keyboard. (6) Contrast adjustment When you cl ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 265

    3.9.10 3 - 141 (8) Additional functions These functions allow you to perform image contrast compensation on the layout, fetching images that are registered in SEM Data Manager , and saving and reading paper formats. • Batch Print Fig. 3.9-34 Batch Print Window By clicking the Add button, you can specify an image file and add it to the list. By cl ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 266

    3.9 Other Functions 3 - 142 • Layout template The Layout Print application provides predefined report templates. Clicking the button to the right of the New button brings up the window shown above, from which a desired layout can be selected: Fig. 3.9-36 Layout Template Menu • Open/Save A layout that has been created can be opened and saved by ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 267

    3.9.11 3 - 143 3.9.11 Copy Image The Copy Image command copies the scanning image to the Windows clipboard in a size of 1280 × 960 pixels ( Full screen) or 640 × 480 pixels ( Small or Dual screen). The copied image can be used in any application software such as a word processor or image processor by pasting it from Windows clipboard. To copy an ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 268

    3.9 Other Functions 3 - 144 3.9.13 Oblique Image An oblique (or bird's-eye-view) image is formed from a scanning image. To open the Oblique window, select the Oblique command from the Analysis . Fig. 3.9-38 Oblique Menu (1) Setting properties Check the Image box to show reference image together with oblique image. Bird's eye area specifie ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 269

    3.9.14 3 - 145 3.9.14 Optional Setting Operation environments are set on the Optional Setup dialog window. To open the Optional Setup dialog window, select the Optional Setup command from the Option menu or click the Opt Setup button on the tool button area of the Operation panel. The dialog window has 6 tabs. Each has functions as follows. NOTICE: ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 270

    3.9 Other Functions 3 - 146 (e) PRINT SIZE This box allows you to specify an image size on the application if an image saved in either TIFF or BMP format is assigned in an application that supports X Resolution/Y Resolution that are stored in a file in the S-3400. Entering an X value in the left box automatically sets a Y value (0.75 times the valu ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 271

    3.9.14 3 - 147 (3) Stage tab (a) MOTOR DRIVE STAGE Selects enable ( On ) or disable ( Off ) for motor driven stage (5 axis motorized stage of type 2). Set it at Off when the motorized stage is removed or not used, for example when using the cryo-stage. It is necessary when control program accesses motor drive part and may be locked up if there is n ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 272

    3.9 Other Functions 3 - 148 Fig. 3.9-41 Mouse Op. Tab (5) Selecting a vacuum mode when the application is started: Evacuation tab/ Evacuation menu Fig. 3.9-42 Evacuation Tab ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 273

    3.9.14 3 - 149 • Selecting a startup vacuum mode This box allows you to specify the particular vacuum mode to be in effect when an application is started. The Previous Mode recalls the vacuum mode that was used previously. The SEM option starts the High Vacuum mode. The VP-SEM option starts the Low Vacuum mode. For low vacuum, the desired vacuum ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 274

    3.9 Other Functions 3 - 150 3.9.15 Password Setting Use the Password Setting dialog window for setting or changing the password of the login name for current user. To open this dialog window, select the Password Setting command from the Option menu. Fig. 3.9-44 Password Setting Window The present login name is shown in the User box. Input present p ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 275

    3.9.16 3 - 151 Use the following steps for setting password protection. (1) Login with the name "S-3400". (2) Open the Login Setting dialog window by selecting the Login Setting command from the Option menu. (3) Select the "S-3400" in the Login Name list. Set a password for the name. Input Old Password , if already set, and inpu ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 276

    3.9 Other Functions 3 - 152 3.9.17 Restoring DB S-3400N control program utilizes database files for storing conditions or data. If an error occurs in a database file, it cannot be accessed normally and a message "Database not found" will be shown. A database error may occur, for example, when PC is stopped while the database file is open ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 277

    3.9.18 3 - 153 3.9.18 User Dependent Operation Condition Memory The operating conditions just before shutting down S-3400N operation program are memorized and reproduced at the next starting up. Most of operating conditions are memorized individually to each login user name. The following list shows items memorized individually for login user name. ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 278

    3.9 Other Functions 3 - 154 3.9.19 Password Locking of Windows Password locking of Windows is possible using screen saver function. However, it can not be used when operating S-3400N program because the screen saver locking forces termination of Direct Draw function which is used by S-3400N program for image display and results missing of image dis ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 279

    3.9.20 3 - 155 3.9.20 Downloading Stage Control Program Upgrading of specimen stage control program can be carried out by user. However, it shall be operated only by manufacturer's or service engineer's request. To start stage program download, select Stage Program Download from Option menu. The following message will appear. Fig. 3.9-50 ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 280

    3.9 Other Functions 3 - 156 Set the CD-ROM and click OK . Program downloading will start. Following messages are shown on the message area of the above dialog window. Fig. 3.9-54 Writing The above message comes on while a write operation is in progress. Fig. 3.9-55 Write Error This message comes up when an error occurs. If this happens, please note ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 281

    3.10.1 3 - 157 3.10 Image Quality The following are references for getting better image quality. 3.10.1 Accelerating Voltage and Image Quality There is a multitude of accelerating voltages to choose. Resolution, image quality, charging and other effects are greatly determined by the selected accelerating voltage. Below is a guideline for selecting ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 282

    3.10 Image Quality 3 - 158 3.10.2 Probe Current Setting and Image Quality On the ELECTORION BEAM block, image quality can be adjusted by specifying an appropriate probe current level. An appropriate setting should be selected in reference to the table below. The default probe current is set to 50. The lower the probe current, the higher the resolut ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 283

    3.10.2 3 - 159 Table 3.10-3 Objective Lens Movable Aperture and Image Quality Stop No. 1 2 3 4 Aperture diameter （ µm ） 150 80 50 30 Focal depth Shallow Deep Probe current High Low Resolution Low High Application X-ray analysis on low accelerating voltage Observation and normal X-ray analysis Observations requiring a great focal depth See 3.4. ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 284

    3.11 Using SEM Data Manager 3 - 160 3.11 Using SEM Data Manager SEM Data Manager is an image filing program with an easy-to-operate database function. A database table is established for each user, and acquired SEM images are registered in the table automatically when saving. The SEM Data Manager lists image files, finds images following a Select q ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 285

    3.11.2 3 - 161 (6) Opening of image files, image processing or other operation on the SEM Data Manager need large PC power. If SEM operation, such as image capturing is carried out while above processing is running, it may cause some incorrect results. For example, image capturing while slide show is running sometimes results incorrect captured dat ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 286

    3.11 Using SEM Data Manager 3 - 162 (2) Database fields The following fields are created for each registered image data. • User: Create a user name on the SEM Data Manager. It may also be created when saving images. • Folder and Media • Image format: BMP, JPEG or TIFF • Date: Date of creation or modification • Sample, Keywords: Applied wh ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 287

    3.11.2 3 - 163 3.11.2.2 Menu and Tool Buttons The following picture shows an example where image is open. Fig. 3.11-2 SEM Data Manager Window Functions of Menu commands are as follows. Corresponding tool buttons are shown in parentheses. (1) File menu • Save as ( ) Save the image on the display area. • Reload Load and display the original image ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 288

    3.11 Using SEM Data Manager 3 - 164 • Remove List Remove the image from database. Image file is not erased. • Delete Delete the image. Image file is erased. • Rename Rename the image file. • Layout Print ( ) The Report Generation window opens for printing images. • Exit Close SEM Data Manager. (2) Database menu • Add from file ( ) Regis ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 289

    3.11.2 3 - 165 (4) View menu • Image Maximize ( ) Display the image in full desktop. Menu and tool buttons are available on the maximized window. • Zoom ( ) Enable or disable image enlargement by clicking on the image. Mouse pointer is the mark when it is enabled. • Show thumbnail Show or hide thumbnail display. • Viewer Open ( ) Open a vie ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 290

    3.11 Using SEM Data Manager 3 - 166 • Image Processing － Processing ( ) Open Image Processing dialog window. Several image processings including spatial filtering are available on it. • Image Processing － Noise Reduction to Flip Vertical Execute each of image processing. • Image Processing － Cancel Cancel the results of image processing ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 291

    3.11.3 3 - 167 3.11.3 Operation 3.11.3.1 Registering Images on SEM Data Manager Database (1) Saving images on SEM On the Save Image dialog window, put a check mark in SDM Register box to register images when saving. Fig. 3.11-3 Save As Window Parameters for registering image are in the INFORMATION area. (a) User Name You can select a User name alre ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 292

    3.11 Using SEM Data Manager 3 - 168 (2) Registering images stored on disks To register already saved images to the SEM Data Manager database, use Add from File command in Database menu or the Add from File button on the tool bar. The following Add from File dialog window will open. Fig. 3.11-4 Add Image Window Select a folder and image files and th ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 293

    3.11.3 3 - 169 The above example has two User names (P-A01 and P-A02) and data tree is opened in the order of Folder - Image format - stored date. To open the tree to a lower level, click + button and to close the lower tree, click - button. To open image files in the image file list, click a folder mark. The present opening folder is shown with ma ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 294

    3.11 Using SEM Data Manager 3 - 170 3.11.3.4 Image Information Information on the presently selected image is shown on the image information area. Fig. 3.11-7 Image Information Window You can edit Sample , Comment , and Keywords . Click Edit button to edit the above items. Input each item and click OK . 3.11.3.5 Viewer Display To display the presen ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 295

    3.11.3 3 - 171 3.11.3.6 Data Entry Use Data Entry function for drawing shapes and writing texts on the image. The Data Entry toolbox will open by Data Entry command in Processing menu or Data Entry button. Fig. 3.11-9 Data Entry Window (1) Function of tool buttons Function of tool buttons in the Data Entry toolbox is similar to the function on S-48 ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 296

    3.11 Using SEM Data Manager 3 - 172 (e) Double head arrow Draw double-head arrow marks on the image. (f) Inner dimension mark Draw inner dimension arrow marks on the image. (g) Outer dimension mark Draw outer dimension marks on the image. (h) Inner dimension mark with measurement Draw inner dimension marks with measurement on the image. (i) Outer d ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 297

    3.11.3 3 - 173 (n) Select buttons or button selects graphics or text on the image in order. A selected graphics is indicated with gray color and a surrounding dotted line box. A selected text is indicated with gray color and black background. They can be moved and re-positioned by mouse dragging. A selected text can be edited by double-clicking on ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 298

    3.11 Using SEM Data Manager 3 - 174 3.11.3.7 Contrast Conversion Gray scale conversions and pseudo-coloring are available. To apply conversions to the image, open the Contrast Conversion dialog window by clicking the Contrast Conversion button on the tool bar or use Contrast Conversion - Conversion command in Processing menu. Fig. 3.11-10 Contrast ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 299

    3.11.3 3 - 175 (4) Contrast inversion The Negative button inverses black and white. (5) Gamma correction A Gamma value of larger than 1 enhances dark area and suppresses highlight area. A value smaller than 1 suppresses dark area and enhances highlight area. Select a gamma value and click the button. (6) Apply or cancel conversion result OK button ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 300

    3.11 Using SEM Data Manager 3 - 176 (a) Color Mode and Color Order • Off : No coloring • Color1 or Color2 Convert gray scale value to RGB color as in the following figures. The L, M and H represent R, G or B color specified by Color Order setting. Color 1 mode Color 2 mode Fig. 3.11-13 Signal/Color Intensity For example when Color Order is set ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 301

    3.11.3 3 - 177 3.11.3.8 Image Processing Digital image processing for noise reduction, increase of sharpness and detail enhancement is available. Open the Image Processing tool window by Image Processing - Processing command in Processing menu or Processing button on the tool bar. The following tool window will open. OK applies processing result to ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 302

    3.11 Using SEM Data Manager 3 - 178 (6) Edge Enhance Applies Laplacian filter. It is effective for edge enhancement. (7) Edge Detect Applies Laplacian filter. It is effective for edge detection. (8) Line Segment Extracts line segment. (9) Emboss Emboss effect. (10) Highlight FLT (11) Highlight FLT More Highlight filter emphasizes detailed construct ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 303

    3.11.3 3 - 179 3.11.3.9 Color Mixing Creates color composite image using two original images. It is applicable for color composition of two different signal images, or stereo imaging using colored glasses. Positional alignment of two original images is possible. (1) Color mixing operation Select one of two original images to be mixed and open the C ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 304

    3.11 Using SEM Data Manager 3 - 180 Select color for source images. Check Color and select R , G or B button. Select a mixing mode in the mixing selection box. • ADD : Add A and B source images. Use this when two images are of different single colors. • AVG : Average of A and B source images is used. Use this when one or both of source images a ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 305

    3.11.3 3 - 181 3.11.3.10 Printing Images Use Layout Print command in File menu or Layout Print button on the tool bar. The Report Generation window will open with the presently selected image on the layout sheet. Double-click a thumbnail image to add it to the layout sheet. Refer to <3.9.10 Printing Images Using Report Generation Function>. 3 ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 306

    3.11 Using SEM Data Manager 3 - 182 3.11.3.12 Batch Operation of Image Files Two or more image files can be operated at once. Use Batch Process command in Database menu or Batch Process button on the tool bar. The Batch Process dialog window will open. Fig. 3.11-19 Batch Processing Window (1) Action buttons (a) Move Files : Moves image files select ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 307

    3.11.3 3 - 183 (2) Source list Image files included in the present opening folder are listed here. Files can be selected from this list for one of the aforementioned actions. Multiple selection using the Shift or Ctrl key is supported. For multiple file selection, (a) Press the left button of the mouse on the first selected file, and move the mouse ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 308

    3.11 Using SEM Data Manager 3 - 184 3.11.3.13 Slide Show Use the Slide Show controller for viewing images in continuous slide motion. To open the Slide Show controller, use Slide Show command in View menu or Slide Show button on the tool bar. Fig. 3.11-20 Slide Show Window 3.11.3.14 Optional Setting Tool menu - Options command opens the Options dia ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 309

    3.11.3 3 - 185 (2) Thumbnail Directory The default directory of thumbnail images is "C:WindowsTemp". It can be set here at any directory. If the thumbnail directory is changed, all of existing image thumbnails are re- created in the new directory when the images are opened. It is recommended not to change the thumbnail directory frequen ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 310

    3.11 Using SEM Data Manager 3 - 186 3.11.3.15 Optimizing and Repairing Database File Use Database Utility command in Tool menu. The following dialog window will open. Fig. 3.11-23 Database Settings Window (1) Optimizing database file To optimize the database file when the file size becomes unnecessarily large by repeating registration and deletion, ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 311

    4.1.1 4 - 1 4. MAINTENANCE When attempting maintenance of this instrument, observe the following cautionary instructions. (1) Read through the maintenance procedures contained in this manual, and then carry out maintenance as described. (2) Avoid disassembling/reassembling or repairing any part that is not described in the maintenance procedures. ( ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 312

    4.1 Maintenance of Electron Optical Column 4 - 2 Fig. 4.1-2 Accelerating Voltage Setup Dialog (3) Either press the AIR switch on the Evacuation Control Panel or press the AIR evacuation control button located on the right side of the observation screen Control Panel. Wait until the inside of the column reaches a complete AIR state. EVAC panel Contr ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 313

    4.1.1 4 - 3 CAUTION: The gun housing should be lifted by both hands until it stops. If the gun housing is released halfway, your fingers might be caught in it. NOTICE: Take care not to leave fingerprints on the internal vacuum parts for preventing gas degassing. Be sure to wear clean gloves when performing the following procedure. (5) Turn the hold ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 314

    4.1 Maintenance of Electron Optical Column 4 - 4 (7) If the area around the center of the anode hole is dirty, the screwed-in anode should be removed. As described in (6) above, clean the area around the hole on the anode plate, and then install the cleaned anode. Fig. 4.1-7 Cleaning the Anode (8) Attach the Wehnelt to the cartridge filament. Fig. ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 315

    4.1.1 4 - 5 (9) Check to see that the Wehnelt is securely fitted. After that, use a spray or blower to completely remove any lint and other debris attached to the filament assembly. Fig. 4.1-10 Cartridge Filament Assembly (10) Attach the filament assembly to the electron gun. Fix it by turning the holding ring clockwise. Fig. 4.1-11 Installing the ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 316

    4.1 Maintenance of Electron Optical Column 4 - 6 NOTICE: Adequate care should be taken to prevent any dust particles from intruding into the electron gun unit or the inside the column. (12) Either press the EVAC switch on the Evacuation Control Panel or the EVAC control button located on the right side of the Observation Screen Control Panel. Wait ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 317

    4.1.2 4 - 7 (1) On the Setup window, set the numerical value in Filament in the electron optical system Setup tab to 0. Fig. 4.1-14 Filament Setup Menu (2) If the accelerating voltage is ON , click OFF to shut it off. (3) Press either the AIR switch on the Evacuation Control Panel or the AIR evacuation control button located on the Observation Scre ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 318

    4.1 Maintenance of Electron Optical Column 4 - 8 (5) Pull out the entire assembly for the objective lens movable aperture. Fig. 4.1-17 Removing the Objective Lens Movable Aperture Assembly (6) Using a precision screw driver, remove the retaining screw that holds down the objective lens movable aperture plate. B95010 4 Fig. 4.1-18 Removing the Retai ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 319

    4.1.2 4 - 9 NOTICE: Objective lens movable aperture plates can be used on either side. (8) Referring to Figure 4.1-20, align the positioning slot for the objective lens movable aperture plate with the positioning slot for the aperture base. Place the aperture holder over them, and lightly fasten the aperture holder retaining screw. (9) Verify that ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 320

    4.1 Maintenance of Electron Optical Column 4 - 10 (11) Securely insert the advancing mechanism for the objective lens movable aperture. Fasten the W-point screw with a hexagon wrench to secure the advancing mechanism. Fig. 4.1-22 Installing the Objective Lens Movable Aperture (12) Press either the EVAC switch on the Evacuation Control Panel or the ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 321

    4.1.3 4 - 11 (1) If the accelerating voltage is ON, click OFF to shut it off. Fig. 4.1-24 Accelerating Voltage Setup Dialog (2) Press either the AIR switch on the Evacuation Control Panel or the AIR evacuation control button located on the Observation Screen Control Panel. Wait until the interior of the specimen chamber completely attains the AIR s ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 322

    4.1 Maintenance of Electron Optical Column 4 - 12 (4) Turn the knob for the BSED (backscattered electron detector) mechanical unit to pull out the BSED detector, and insert the aperture replacement tool through the stage opening to remove the orifice unit. Fig. 4.1-27 Removing the Orifice Unit (1) IMPORTANT: Do not touch the operation parts such as ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 323

    4.1.3 4 - 13 ① Before removal ② Aperture replacement tool and the orifice unit ③ Turn the orifice unit and the tool together ④ Removal Fig. 4.1-28 Removing the Orifice Unit (2) To remove the orifice unit, first insert the tip (the M4 male screw) of the part inside the replacement tool into the hole located on the underside of the objective ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 324

    4.1 Maintenance of Electron Optical Column 4 - 14 IMPORTANT: Be careful to avoid any damage to the surface of the scintillator in the specimen chamber or to the backscattered electron detector. Fig. 4.1-29 Makeup of the Orifice Unit and Aperture Replacement Tool Ordering a set of orifice unit: Fixed aperture set P/N 52E-6563 Ordering a set of apert ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 325

    4.1.4 4 - 15 (7) Replace the aperture with a new one. (8) After the aperture has been replaced, perform Steps (4) - (5) in reverse to re-assemble the unit. When turning the knob clockwise and inserting the BSED detector, turn it until the BSED detector catches the orifice unit and stops. Notice that if the knob is turned too hard, the detector will ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 326

    4.1 Maintenance of Electron Optical Column 4 - 16 EVAC Panel Control Panel Fig. 4.1-33 Evacuation Control Panel (3) Lift the entire electron gun unit to the left and tilt it. Fig. 4.1-34 Removing the Electron Gun Unit CAUTION: When lifting the entire electron gun unit, be sure to use both hands, and move it until it stops. Releasing it prematurely ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 327

    4.1.4 4 - 17 (5) Using a special pair of tweezers, pull out the condenser aperture. Fig. 4.1-36 Removing the Condenser Aperture (6) Referring to Fig. 4.1-36, loosen the pipe and the pipe holder, and remove the single-hole mesh aperture. (7) Install a new aperture. When re-using an old aperture, it should be cleaned by baking. The new aperture shoul ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 328

    4.1 Maintenance of Electron Optical Column 4 - 18 Fig. 4.1-37 Condenser Aperture Assembly Holder 50E-1677 Pipe 1 52E-6526 Holder ring 50E-1493 Aperture 535-1289 Pipe holder 52E-6531 Pipe 2 52E-6527 Pipe 3 52E-6528 Pipe 4 52E-6529 41.5 mm 38.0 mm 87.0 mm 27.0 mm ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 329

    4.1.5 4 - 19 4.1.5 Cleaning of Aperture Plates (1) Use the vacuum evaporator for heating aperture plates. For handling of the vacuum evaporator, refer to the instruction manual of the evaporator. (2) Mount the molybdenum board in the vacuum evaporator. (See Fig. 4.1-38.) (3) Evacuate the vacuum evaporator to better than 5 × 10 -3 Pa. Heat the moly ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 330

    4.1 Maintenance of Electron Optical Column 4 - 20 4.1.6 Ultrasonic Cleaning with Organic Solvent CAUTION: When handling organic solvent (volatile solvent), take the following points into consideration to avoid the danger of injury or explosion caused by ignition. 1. Volatile solvent should be handled at a place which is well ventilated and is well ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 331

    4.2.1 4 - 21 4.2 Maintenance of Rotary Pump NOTICE: Instruments shipped to European area where CE marking conformity is necessary are not provided with the rotary pump. Also according to the configuration of the apparatus, the rotary pump is not provided even when shipped to outside of the European area. A period of inspection cannot be uniformly d ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 332

    4.3 Maintenance of Air Compressor 4 - 22 4.3 Maintenance of Air Compressor NOTICE: Instruments shipped to European area where CE marking conformity is necessary are not provided with the rotary pump. Also according to the configuration of the apparatus, the rotary pump is not provided even when shipped to outside of the European area. 4.3.1 Checkup ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 333

    4.3.1 4 - 23 NOTICE: 1. The mark " ○ " indicates the time period after the start of operation or replacement of the part. The mark " ● " shows the time point for part replacement. 2. The above table shows the standard inspection cycle. The inspection cycle changes slightly with the operating conditions (temperature, humidity ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 334

    4.3 Maintenance of Air Compressor 4 - 24 4.3.2 Troubleshooting of Air Compressor If the air compressor becomes faulty, reference should be made to the following table. Symptom Probable Cause Remedy Air compressor rotates. Drain or stop valve leaks. Retighten. If the valve still leaks, replace with a new one. Packing, screw or seal is defective. Ret ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 335

    4.3.3 4 - 25 4.3.3 Location and Functions of Major Components Fig. 4.3-1 Compressor Drain cock Air tank Motor Push solenoid (single phase type only) Suction filter Removes dust and dirt in suction air. Safety valve Relieves compressed air at abnormal rise in pressure. Starts and stops compressor. Compressor A ctivated at start of compressor. Pressu ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 336

    4.4 Troubleshooting 4 - 26 4.4 Troubleshooting 4.4.1 The Evacuation System does not Run If the evacuation system fails to run or the evacuation system does not proceed, the following items should be checked: (1) Is there an error? If both the EVAC/AIR switches on the EVAC Panel are blinking and the buzzer is sounding, it is an indication that an er ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 337

    4.4.2 4 - 27 4.4.2 The Vacuum Level in the Specimen Chamber does not Rise If the evacuation process does not end in 5 minutes after the evacuation process for the specimen chamber was started by flipping the EVAC button on the EVAC Panel keeps blinking, it is an indication of an error, and an error message appears on the PC operation screen. If thi ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 338

    4.4 Troubleshooting 4 - 28 4.4.4 When Image is not Shown on Screen If an image does not appear on the screen or if it is difficult to focus the image, check the following. (1) Is a specimen loaded? Is the specimen at the exchange position? Are the accelerating voltage and emission current normal? Is either SE (secondary electron) or BSE (backscatte ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 339

    4.4.5 4 - 29 4.4.5 When Image is Very Noisy There may be three types of noise on scanning images. The first is a snow noise that appears uniformly on the image. It is mainly due to statistical fluctuation of number of primary or secondary electrons. It appears when probe current is too small, secondary electron emission efficiency of the specimen i ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 340

    4.4 Troubleshooting 4 - 30 The second is random noise caused by unstable probe current or unstable detector. For example, bright spots or bright or dark lines appear when emission current is unstable or the scintillator of the secondary electron detector has been damaged. If images show such a noise, check the following. (1) Is the emission current ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 341

    4.4.7 4 - 31 4.4.7 When Auto Focus or Auto Stigma does not Work Satisfactorily When auto focus or auto stigma does not produce sharp images, check the following. (1) Open the Alignment dialog window and start Aperture Alignment mode. If image is wobbling, carry out aperture alignment. (2) Open the Alignment dialog window and start Stigma Alignment ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 342

    4.4 Troubleshooting 4 - 32 4.4.9 When PC has Hung Up If the PC locks up during system operation, close Windows, shut down the system, and restart it. Although the program can be ended and the system restarted, that approach may result in unstable system behavior. The recommended procedure is to shut down the entire system. Before the system is shut ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 343

    4.5 4 - 33 4.5 What to Do in the Event of a Power Outage or the System must be Shut Down Completely for a Long Time (1) Perform routine shutdown operations (remove the specimen, shut down Windows, and turn off the power). See <3.8 Shutting Down>. (2) Turn off the MAIN breaker located in the back of the main unit. Fig. 4.5-1 MAIN Breaker (3) T ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 344

    4.7 Caution of Maintenance 4 - 34 4.7 Caution on Maintenance On maintenance of the instrument, the following cautions must be observed. (1) Follow the maintenance procedures described in this manual after a full understanding of it. (In particular, carefully read "PRECAUTIONS ON HANDLING" at the beginning of the manual.) (2) Maintenance w ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 345

    4.8.1 4 - 35 (2) Set the acceleration voltage to 5 kV. With the Filament Image mode on (with an elliptic image displayed), set the Probe Current to 100. Make sure that the objective lens movable aperture is "0". (3) Set the Filament to approximately 90 (saturation condition). Turn off Auto Gun Bias . (4) In Filament Image , select the Bea ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 346

    5.1 5 - 1 5. REPLACEMENT P ARTS 5.1 Consumables The items shown in Table 5.1-1 should always be on hand for normal operation. Table 5.1-1 Consumables Part No. Part Name Use Remarks G370009 Conductive paint For protection against chargeup 30 g 50E-6159 Carbon seal Set of 20 G370250 Metal polishing paste 50 g For cleaning parts 50 g G743002 Stick bam ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 347

    5.2 Replacement Parts 5 - 2 5.2 Replacement Parts The items below should be prepared in the necessary quantities. Table 5.2-1 Replacement Parts Part No. Part Name Use Expiration J386042 Photomultiplier R2649 Secondary electron detector 5 years  TMP exchange service Turbo molecular pump 3 years 50E-1205 Scintillator SE detector 3 years K433004 Pi ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 348

    5.3 5 - 3 5.3 Spare Parts The items shown in Table 5.3-1 must be prepared for long-term operation. Select a proper quantity in consideration of the application of each part. Table 5.3-1 Spare Parts Part No. Part Name Location Q’ty Used 52E-2012 A ccessor y FUSE ( W ) se t 1se t 433-3702 S p ecimen stub 15mm dia － 52E-4020 S p ecimen stub 26mm d ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 349

    6.1.1 6 - 1 6. ACCESSOR Y OPERA TION 6.1 Model S-5080 Auto-Camera (Option) This camera is used for taking photographs of images displayed on the screen of CRT dedicated for photographing. You can use the following kinds of film by attaching various units consisting of lenses and adapters (see Fig. 6.1-2): 6 × 7 roll film, 8 × 10 instant film, and ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 350

    6.1 Model S-5080 Auto-Camera (Option) 6 - 2 Type 4 × 5 single-exposure unit Type 4 × 5 Polaroid unit 6 × 7 roll film unit (P/N 589-9871) (P/N 589-9872) (P/N 589-9873) Image ratio = 1 : 1 Image ratio = 1 : 1 Image ratio = 1 : 0.6 Type 4 × 5 Fuji instant unit 107 Polaroid unit (8 exposures) (P/N 589-9875) (P/N 589-9874) Image ratio = 1 : 1 Image ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 351

    6.1.2 6 - 3 6.1.2 Specifications (1) Magnification : × 1.0, × 0.8, and × 0.6 (2) Lens : F = 75 mm (3) Aperture : f = 4.5 to 22, manual (4) Focusing : Manual (preset when shipped at the same time with the SEM) (5) Film type : Roll film 120, Polaroid TYPE52 (P/N 55), Polaroid 107 and 105 (the user is to buy the film.) REMARKS: Refer to Table 6.1-1 ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 352

    6.1 Model S-5080 Auto-Camera (Option) 6 - 4 Table 6.1-1 Image Sizes for Combinations of Adapters and Kinds of Film Field of Vie w on Photograp hing CRT Camera Magnifi- cation Exposure Area on Fi lm Area of Film T ype 4 × 5 Polaroid T ype 52, etc. Fufi Film FP5 00B Polar oid 10 7 Rol l Film 1 20 and 220 6 × 7 cm × 0.6 × 0.8 × 1.0 NO NO NO NO NO ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 353

    6.1.3 6 - 5 6.1.3 Assembling the Camera (1) Illustrated below are films for the standard PHOTO CRT. (a) Type 4 × 5 film (magnification of × 1.0) Fig. 6.1-3 4 ″ × 5 ″ Film (Magnification of × 1.0) (b) Polaroid 107 film (magnification of × 0.8) Fig. 6.1-4 Polaroid 107 Film (Magnification of × 0.8) (c) Roll film 120 (magnification of × 0.6) ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 354

    6.1 Model S-5080 Auto-Camera (Option) 6 - 6 6.1.4 Operation (1) Installing the Camera You should ask a service engineer for the installation. Take out the PHOTO CRT unit by referring to Fig. 6.1-6. Tighten four 5-mm screws to fix the camera on the PHOTO CRT panel. (2) Adjustment The adjustment for the roll film 120 is described below. Similar proce ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 355

    6.1.4 6 - 7 Fig. 6.1-6 Disassembling the Photo CRT PHOTO CRT unit Camera Aperture ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 356

    6.2 Faraday Cup Device (Option) 6 - 8 6.2 Faraday Cup Device (Option) This device is used for measuring the probe current. 6.2.1 Range of Type II Stage Drive When the Faraday cup device is used, the range of the drive of Z axis and T axis of the sample stage (Type II) is limited as follows. • Z axis: 10 mm-65 mm • T axis: 0° fixation 6.2.2 Usa ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 357

    6.2.2 6 - 9 NOTICE: If faraday cup insert when the stage is moving to safety position, the following alert message is displayed on screen with the warning buzzer. Draw out the Faraday cup immediately and wait to stop the warning buzzer and stage movement. After that, insert the faraday cup. If the Faraday cup insert to the chamber when the stage is ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 358

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 10 6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6.3.1 About the External Communication of S-3400N The external communication of S-3400N is the software that controls S-3400N from the external controller with the Ethernet. Fig. 6.3-1 Diagram of the External Communicatio ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 359

    6.3.2 6 - 11 6.3.2 Each Command Table 6.3-1 Property Command Command Return Contents IsActive 0 : SEM not execute 1 : Ready SEM status reading HVOn 0 : HV-OFF 1 : HV-ON HV ON/OFF monitoring Vacc 0 : HV OFF 300-30000 : 0.3-30 kV Acceleration voltage monitoring Mag 5-300000 ： x5-x300k Magnification. monitoring WD 400-7000 ： 4.00-70.00 mm W.D. mon ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 360

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 12 Table 6.3-2 Method Command Command Set value Return Contents SemCommInitialize 0 : Normal end 1 : Abnormal end Initialize the communication SetHVOn 0 : HV-OFF 1 : HV-ON 0: Normal receiving Excluding 0: Abnormal receiving HV ON/OFF setting SetVacc 300-30000 ： 0.3- 30.0 kV 0: Norma ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 361

    6.3.2 6 - 13 Command Set value Return Contents SetStagePosition X ： 0- 100000000(nm) 100 nm Step Y ： 0-50000000(nm) 100 nm Step Z ： 5000000- 70000000 (nm) 100000 nm Step T ： -20000-90000 x1000(deg) 0.1deg Step R ： 0-359900 x1000(deg) 0.1deg Step 0: Normal receiving Excluding 0: Abnormal receiving 5 axis moving SetStagePositionXYR X ： 0- ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 362

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 14 SetStageHomePosition2 0: Normal receiving Excluding 0: Abnormal receiving Home position move2 (Z=65 mm) SetVacuumMode 0 : High vacuum 1 : Low vacuum 0 : Normal end 2 : Abnormal end Vacuum mode setting SetVacuum 6 to 270 ： 6 – 270 (Pa) 0 : Normal end 2 : Abnormal end Vacuum valu ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 363

    6.3.2 6 - 15 Table 6.3-3 Event Command Command Return Contents HVOnChange 0 : HV-OFF 1 : HV-ON HV changing VaccChange 300-30000 ： 0.3-30 ｋ V Acceleration voltage changing HVOnFinished Completion of HV setting VaccFinished Completion of acceleration voltage setting MagChange 5-300000 ： x5-x300k Magnification changing WDChange 400-7000 ： 4.00 ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 364

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 16 6.3.2.1 Initialize the Communication (1) Check SEM status Property SEM status reading IsActive As Long Read Only 0: Did not execute at SEM side 1: Ready (2) SEM connection Method Initialize the communication SemCommInitialize() as Long Return 0: Normal end 1: Abnormal end Comment: ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 365

    6.3.2 6 - 17 6.3.2.2 Acceleration Voltage (1) Monitoring/Setting of Acceleration voltage Property HV ON/OFF monitoring HVOn as Long Read Only 0: HV–OFF 1: HV-ON Acceleration voltage monitoring Vacc as Long Read Only 0: HV–OFF 300 to 30000 : 0.3 – 30.0 (kV) Method HV ON/OFF setting SetHVOn (HVON as Long) as Long HVON 0: HV-OFF 1: HV-ON Return ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 366

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 18 Acceleration voltage setting SetVacc ( Vacc as Long) as Long Vacc 300 to 30000 : 0.3 – 30.0 (kV) 0.1kV unit at 10 to 30kV 0.01kV unit at 0.3 to 9.99kV Return 0: Normal receiving Excluding 0: Abnormal receiving Comment: The method is finished at completion of command analysis. The ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 367

    6.3.2 6 - 19 Completion of HV setting HVOnFinished (ErrorCode as Long) ErrorCode 0: Normal end 1: Impracticable 2: Abnormal end Comment: The completion message of SetHvOn Method. Completion of acceleration voltage setting VaccFinished (ErrorCode as Long) ErrorCode 0: Normal end 1: Impracticable 2: Abnormal end Co mm en t: The completion message of ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 368

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 20 6.3.2.3 Magnification (1) Monitoring /Setting of Magnification Property Magnification monitoring Mag As Long Read Only 5 to 300000 : x5 – x300k Method Magnification setting SetMag (Mag as Long) as Long Mag 5 to 300000 :x5 – x300k Effective digit: 3 figures Return 0: Normal end ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 369

    6.3.2 6 - 21 6.3.2.4 Working Distance (WD) (1) Monitoring/Setting of WD Property W.D. monitoring WD as Long Read Only 400 to 7000 : 4.00 – 70.00 (mm) Method W.D. setting SetWD (WD as Long) as Long WD 400 to 7000 : 4.00 – 70.00 (mm) 0.1mm unit Return 0: Normal end 2: Abnormal end Comment: Currently setting by 0.01mm unit is not possible. The met ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 370

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 22 6.3.2.5 Focus Value (1) Monitoring/Setting of Course, Fine Property Focus coarse value monitoring ObjLensCoarse as Long Read Only 0 to 16383 Focus fine value monitoring ObjLensFine as Long Read Only 0 to 4095 Method Focus value setting SetObjLens (ObjLensCoarse as Long, ObjLensFine ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 371

    6.3.2 6 - 23 6.3.2.6 Probe Current (1) Monitoring /Setting of probe current Property Probe current monitoring ProbeCurrent as Long Read Only 0 to 1000 : 0.0 – 100.0 Method Probe current setting SetProbeCurrent (ProbeCurrent as Long) as Long ProbeCurrent 0 to 1000 : 0.0 – 100.0 Return 0: Normal end 2: Abnormal end Comment: This method is finishe ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 372

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 24 6.3.2.7 Auto Functions (1) ABCC Method ABCC execute SetABC ( ) as Long Return 0: Normal receiving Excluding 0: Abnormal receiving Comment: This method is not completed until ABCC finished. The method is finished at completion of command analysis. The completion of ABCC is notified ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 373

    6.3.2 6 - 25 (2) AFC Method AFC execute SetAFC ( ) as Long Return 0: Normal receiving Excluding 0: Abnormal receiving Comment: This method is not completed until AFC finished. The method is finished at completion of command analysis. The completion of AFC is notified by the AFCFinished event. If the return value is not 0, the AFCFinished event is n ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 374

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 26 6.3.2.8 Stage (1) Stage information Property Chamber type reading ChamberType as Long Read Only 0: Standard specimen chamber Comment: Currently there is only standard specimen chamber, but maybe other type chamber will add in future. Stage type reading StageType as Long Read Only 0 ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 375

    6.3.2 6 - 27 5 axis moving SetStagePosition (X as Long, Y as Long, Z as Long, T as Long, R as Long) as Long X 0 to 100000000 : (nm) 100 nm Step Y 0 to 50000000 : (nm) 100 nm Step Z 5000000 to 70000000 : (nm) 100000 nm Step T -20000 to 90000 : x1000 (deg) 0.1 deg Step R 0 to 359900 : x1000 (deg) 0.1 deg Step Return 0: Normal receiving Excluding 0: A ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 376

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 28 3 axis (XYR) moving SetStagePositionXYR(X as Long, Y as Long, R as Long) as Long X 0 to 100000000 : (nm) 100 nm Step Y 0 to 50000000 : (nm) 100 nm Step R 0 to 359900 : x1000 (deg) 0.1 deg Step Return 0: Normal receiving Excluding 0: Abnormal receiving Comment: The stage is moved by ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 377

    6.3.2 6 - 29 Home position moving SetStageHomePosition () as Long Return 0: Normal receiving Excluding 0: Abnormal receiving Comment: Move to Z=10mm The method is finished at completion of command analysis. The completion of SetStageHomePosition is notified by the StagePositionFinished event. If the return value is not 0, the StagePositionFinished ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 378

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 30 Home position moving 2 SetStageHomePosition2 () as Long Return 0: Normal receiving Excluding 0: Abnormal receiving Comment: Move to Z=65mm The method is finished at completion of command analysis. The completion of etStageHomePosition2 is notified by the StagePositionFinished event ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 379

    6.3.2 6 - 31 Event Stage position changing StagePositionChange (X as Long, Y as Long, Z as Long, T as Long, R as Long) X, Y, Z, T, R same as each items of GetStagePosition Comment: This event is generated when the stage position changed by SEM-GUI control, trackball control and external control. Completion of stage move StagePositionFinished (Error ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 380

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 32 6.3.2.9 Vacuum Setting (1) Vacuum mode Property Vacuum mode reading VacuumMode as Long Read Only 0: High vacuum 1: Low vacuum Method Vacuum mode setting SetVacuumMode (VacuumMode as Long) as Long VacuumMode 0: High vacuum 1: Low vacuum Return 0: Normal end 2: Abnormal end Comment: ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 381

    6.3.2 6 - 33 (2) Vacuum value Property Vacuum value monitoring Vacuum as Long Read Only 6 to 270 : 6 – 270 (Pa) Method Vacuum value setting SetVacuum (Vacuum as Long) as Long Vacuum 6 to 270 : 6 – 270 (Pa) Settable vacuum value 6, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 170, 200, 240, 270 Return 0: Normal end 2 ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 382

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 34 6.3.2.10 Multi-purpose Command Extension command setting SetSemCommand (Command as String) as Long Command command string Return 0: Normal receiving Excluding 0: Abnormal receiving Comment: For extension command in future. This method is finished after completion of extension comma ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 383

    6.3.3 6 - 35 6.3.3 Programming 6.3.3.1 Example of Program Private cSCOConnector as SemCommunicationC. SemCommunicationConnector Private cSCO as SemCommunicationC. SemCommunication Set cSCOConnector = New SemCommunicationC . SemCommunicationConnector Set cSCO = cSCOConnector. SemCommunication Call cSCO. SemCommInitialize ‘Initialize cSCO.Mag = 100 ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 384

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 36 6.3.4 External Communication Setting Procedure (Setting of PC for S-3400N) 6.3.4.1 Preparation 1. Log-In as Administrator. 2. Close all programs including S3400N. 6.3.4.2 Component Registration 1. Insert the S-3400N installation CD-ROM in the CD-ROM drive. 2. Open My Computer (Fig. ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 385

    6.3.4 6 - 37 6. Click on Yes when a window as shown below appears (Fig. 6.3-6) . Fig. 6.3-6 Registry Editor Window 7. Click on OK when a window as shown below appears (Fig. 6.3-7) . Fig. 6.3-7 Registry Editor Window 8. Click on Yes when a window as shown below appears (Fig. 6.3-8) . Fig. 6.3-8 Registry Editor Window 9. Click on OK when a window as ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 386

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 38 6.3.4.3 Security and DCOM Settings 1. Open Control Panel . Fig. 6.3-10 Control Panel Window 2. Click on Performance and Maintenance . Fig. 6.3-11 Performance and Maintenance Window ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 387

    6.3.4 6 - 39 3. Click on Administrative Tools . Fig. 6.3-12 Administrative Tools Window 4. Double click on Local Security Policy . (Shown in Fig. 6.3-13.) 5. Double click on Local Policies , and then Security Options . (Shown in Fig. 6.3-14.) Fig. 6.3-13 Local Security Settings Window ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 388

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 40 6. Double click on Network access:Let Everyone permissions apply to anonymous users . (Shown in Fig. 6.3-14.) Fig. 6.3-14 Local Security Settings Window 7. Check Enabled, and then click on Apply . (Shown in Fig. 6.3-15.) Fig. 6.3-15 Network Access:Let Everyone Permissions Apply to ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 389

    6.3.4 6 - 41 8. Confirm that Security Setting is Enabled for Network access:Let Everyone Permissions Apply to anonymous users as shown in Fig. 6.3-16, and then close the Local Security Settings window. Fig. 6.3-16 Local Security Settings Window 9. Double click on Component Services in Administrative Tools window. (Shown in Fig. 6.3-17.) Fig. 6.3-17 ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 390

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 42 10. Double click on Component Services , then Computers . (Shown in Fig. 6.3-18.) Fig. 6.3-18 Component Services Window 11. Right Mouse Click on My Computer and Select Properties from Action menu. Fig. 6.3-19 Component Services Window ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 391

    6.3.4 6 - 43 12. Click on Default Properties . 13. Set Default Authentication level to None . Confirm the setting as in Fig. 6.3-20 , and then click on Apply . For Service Pack 1 For Service Pack 2 Fig. 6.3-20 Default Properties Tab Window 14. Click on Default COM Security tab or COM Security tab. 15. Click on Edit Default under Access Permissions ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 392

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 44 16. Click on Add button. (Shown in Fig. 6.3-22 .) Fig. 6.3-22 Access Permission Window 17. Click on Advanced button as shown below. Fig. 6.3-23 Select Users or Groups Window ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 393

    6.3.4 6 - 45 18. Click on Find Now button as shown below. Fig. 6.3-24 Select Users or Groups Window 19. Select Everyone , and then click on OK. Fig. 6.3-25 Select Users or Groups ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 394

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 46 20. Click on OK button as shown below. Fig. 6.3-26 Select Users or Groups Window 21. Click on Edit Limits under Launch and Activation Permissions at Service Pack2. For Service Pack 1 For Service Pack 2 Fig. 6.3-27 My Computer Properties Window ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 395

    6.3.4 6 - 47 22. Select Everyone at Group of user names (at Service Pack 2). Fig. 6.3-28 Launch Permission Window 23. Add check mark on Allow of Remote Launch and Remote Activation , and then click on OK (at Service Pack 2). Fig. 6.3-29 Launch Permission Window ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 396

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 48 24. Click on Apply , and then OK to quit. For Service Pack 1 For Service Pack 2 Fig. 6.3-30 My Computer Properties Window 25. Double click on My Computer . Fig. 6.3-31 Component Services Window ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 397

    6.3.4 6 - 49 26. Right Mouse Click on SemCommuniC.SemCommunication under DCOM Config items and select Property from Action menu. Fig. 6.3-32 is shown in Detail View . (Can be selected via View Menu and then Details.) Fig. 6.3-32 Component Services Window ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 398

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 50 27. Under General Tab, Set Authentication Level to None. Fig. 6.3-33 Properties Window 28. Under Location Tab, confirm the setting as shown below (Fig. 6.3-34) . Fig. 6.3-34 Properties Window ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 399

    6.3.4 6 - 51 29. Under Security Tab, Select Customize as shown in Fig. 6.3-35 . 30. Click on Edit for Launch Permissions . Fig. 6.3-35 Properties Window 31. Click Add button, if Everyone is not shown as below under Group or user names (follow steps 15-19 to add Everyone). Click on OK to apply. Fig. 6.3-36 Launch Permission Window ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 400

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 52 32. Click on Apply button. Fig. 6.3-37 Properties Window 33. Choose Identity Tab and confirm the setting as shown in Fig. 6.3-38 . 34. Click on OK to quit. Fig. 6.3-38 Properties Window ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 401

    6.3.4 6 - 53 35. Select SemControlC.SemControl and do procedure from 22 to 31. Fig. 6.3-39 Component Services Window 36. Close window. 37. Turn off the Window Firewall at Service Pack 2. 38. Open the Control Panel from Start button. Fig. 6.3-40 Control Panle Window ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 402

    6.3 Specification of S-3400N External Communication (Option) 6 - 54 39. Click on Network and Internet Connections . Fig. 6.3-41 Network and Internet Connection Window 40. Click on Windows Firewall . 41. Select Off (not recommended) , and then click on OK. Fig. 6.3-42 Windows Firewall Window 42. Close window and restart the S3400N PC. ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 403

    6.3.4 6 - 55 6.3.4.4 Setup of the External Communication Option External Communication I/F set up disk for the added option is inserted in the drive, and Setup.exe in FD is double-clicked. Select EDX Type, and click OK button. Fig. 6.3-43 Option Install Window Please the option must be added above, and logout from Administrator, log on again in the ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 404

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 56 6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6.4.1 Outline 6.4.1.1 CD Measurement Function The CD Measurement function is designed for carrying out measurement of a critical-dimension or angle at a specified position on a SEM image, and then displaying and recording the result. The Measurement function comes in v ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 405

    6.4.2 6 - 57 6.4.2 Specifications 6.4.2.1 Modes of CD Measurement (1) Manual Measurement Distance (X, Y, D, width and pitch) between cursors placed by manual operation is measured. An angle (T) between two cursor lines placed by manual operation is also measured. (2) Automatic Measurement The edges of specimens within a specified range are automati ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 406

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 58 6.4.3 Principle of CD Measurement 6.4.3.1 Edge Detection Algorithm in Auto Measurement Figure 6.4-2 shows the cross section and secondary electron signal of the typical specimen. As demonstrated in the figure, the intensity of secondary electron signal is higher at the edges of the pattern. In auto CD mea ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 407

    6.4.3 6 - 59 (2) Threshold Level Method In this method the variation of image signal at the edges is detected upon cutting off at a desired threshold, and it is suitable when the sides of pattern edges are relatively linear. L Fig. 6.4-4 Threshold Level Method ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 408

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 60 6.4.3.2 Linear Approximation Method Explained below is the linear approximation algorithm. Fig. 6.4-5 Linear Approximation Algorithm Linear approximation method Image acquisition Preparation of profile [Refer to 6.4.3.2 (2).] Slope line detection [Refer to 6.4.3.2 (3).] Baseline detection [Refer to 6.4.3. ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 409

    6.4.3 6 - 61 (1) Area Used for CD Measurement The area in each on-screen box cursor is used for CD measurement. Figure 6.4-6 shows the relationship between box cursor and measurement parameters. For "Design Value", specify a distance (µm) between box cursors. The "entire measurement area" is determined by a combination of param ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 410

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 62 Fig. 6.4-7 Measured Pattern and Secondary Electron Signals (3) Slope Line Detection To detect a slope line using a profile, the following differentiation is performed on profile "s (n)" as expressed below. d(n) = s(n + M) - s(n - M) ................................................. (6.4.2) M = ( ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 411

    6.4.3 6 - 63 (4) Baseline Detection The baseline is a straight line having no slope, which is determined by the peak position attained before, the "baseline start point" and "baseline area". The start point of the baseline is located outside or inside the peak position, and it corresponds to a position of data having differentia ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 412

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 64 6.4.3.4 Measurement Accuracy and Error Factors Following is a description on measurement accuracy and error factors. (1) Measurement Reproducibility and Absolute Dimensional Accuracy In CD (critical dimension) measurement, the reliability of measured results can be evaluated in terms of variation of measu ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 413

    6.4.3 6 - 65 (b) Methods for Improving Measurement Reproducibility It is recommended to use the SEM under fixed operating conditions (magnification, accelerating voltage, probe current, raster rotation angle, working distance, etc.) in CD measurement. If measurement under varied conditions is unavoidable, then calibration should be made under each ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 414

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 66 ・・・・・・・・・・・・ (3) Measurement Error Caused by Pixel Size or Image Resolution Described in this section are the measurement errors caused by pixel size or SEM image resolution. These errors are more conspicuous as the measured dimension becomes smaller. (a) Measurement Error Caused b ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 415

    6.4.3 6 - 67 (b) Measurement error Caused by SEM Image Resolution Image resolution can be regarded as the minimum dimension where sample information can be reproduced in a form of brightness (contrast) change. Thus there is no meaningful contrast when a dimension is smaller than the image resolution. Such an area of no contrast is equivalent to a p ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 416

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 68 Fig. 6.4-9 Measured Dimension vs Measurement Error (theoretical) at Various Magnifications Magnification: 150 k × Magnification: 50 k × Magnification: 20 k × 20 15 10 5 0 0.01 0.1 1 10 Measurement erro r (%) Measured dimension [µm] ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 417

    6.4.4 6 - 69 6.4.4 Description of Windows Used in Measuring Operation Following is a description of the windows used in CD measurement. 6.4.4.1 Starting CD Measurement Function For starting CD measurement on S-3400N GUI, click CD measurement icon on the tool button area of the Operation panel or select CD Measurement command in Analysis menu. To st ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 418

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 70 6.4.4.3 CD Measurement Window Use this window to set measurement and calibration conditions and to execute measurement. Fig. 6.4-10 CD Measurement Window (1) Condition Combo Box Select one of the registered measurement conditions. Clicking the button displays a registered measurement condition No. and a c ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 419

    6.4.4 6 - 71 (4) Type of Measurement Specify a type of measurement. (a) Standard button Select Standard for a single dimension measurement in X or Y direction or angle. (b) W&P button Select this button for simultaneous width and pitch measurement. (c) Multiple check box Click this for setting successive measurements. This is usable when Standa ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 420

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 72 (8) Set Button Displays the measurement cursor. The shape of measurement cursor varies with the type of measurement and measurement mode. (9) Measure Button Executes the CD measurement. (10) Cursor Color Indication Specify a color for the measurement cursor. Color changes in the order of white, red, green ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 421

    6.4.4 6 - 73 6.4.4.4 Measurement Condition Window This is used to edit the measurement conditions. Fig. 6.4-11 Measurement Condition Window (1) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (10) (11) (12) (13) (2) (9) ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 422

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 74 (1) Entry No. combo Box Select a registration No. for measurement conditions. A maximum of 16 measurement conditions can be registered. An asterisk (*) appears at the right of an already registered No. (2) Lock Check Box Put a check here to inhibit change of the conditions. (3) Caption Box Enter a caption ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 423

    6.4.4 6 - 75 (c) Angle button Selects an angle measurement. This is selectable when measurement mode is Manual . (7) Edge Detect Direction Select an edge detect direction of the cursor box that specifies the position including edge to be detected, when X or Y has been selected as the measuring direction. This is selectable when measurement mode is ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 424

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 76 (f) Design Value combo box Specify an interval between cursors (two boxes) for CD measurement. This parameter is specifiable in a range of 0.1 to 200 µm. (g) Design Pitch combo box Specify a pitch in the case of simultaneous width and pitch measurement. This parameter is specifiable in a range of 0.1 to ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 425

    6.4.4 6 - 77 NOTICE: Relation between the size of image and the size of cursor box In case using the CD measurement function on live or frozen SEM images, the size of image is 1280 x 960 pixels in Full Screen mode and 640 x 480 pixels in Small Screen mode. The size of pixel itself is the same for both screen modes. The same parameter set results th ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 426

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 78 (9) Edge Detection Area Set parameters specific for each edge detection method. (a) Linear Approximation button Specifies the Linear Approximation method for auto edge detection. The following four parameters are effective for this method. (b) Threshold Level combo box Specify a threshold value to be used ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 427

    6.4.4 6 - 79 (g) Threshold Level combo box Specifies a threshold value to be taken in the threshold level method. A numeric value may be input with respect to a difference of "100" between minimum and maximum in signal variation on the edge part. If "50" is specified, for instance, the intermediate threshold level is used. This ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 428

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 80 6.4.4.5 Calibration Window This is used to carry out calibration. Fig. 6.4-13 Calibration Window (1) Entry No. Combo Box Specify a No. for registering the calibration. An asterisk (*) appears at the right of an already registered No. (2) Caption box Enter a caption for identifying the calibration with up ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 429

    6.4.4 6 - 81 (4) Set Button Displays a measurement cursor for calibration in accordance with the measurement parameters. For calibration using manual mode, align the measurement cursor in both X, Y directions with a position of known dimensions on the screen. For calibration in auto mode, adjust so that the cursor box encloses the edges of the patt ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 430

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 82 (12) Close Button Closes the Calibration window. (13) Measured Value indication Displays the measured result. When the Multi checkbox is not checked, the latest measurement result is indicated in the Average box. When the Multi checkbox is checked, Average, 3 Sigma, Max and Min value is calculated and ind ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 431

    6.4.5 6 - 83 6.4.5.3 Start of CD Measurement Function (1) In the case of the SEM main unit, click the CD Measurement button on the tool button area of the Operation panel or select Measurement in the Analysis menu. To start on the SEM Data Manager, use Measure button on the tool bar or Analysis - CD Measurement menu command. The CD Measurement wind ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 432

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 84 6.4.5.4 Setting Measurement Parameters (1) Selecting Registered Measurement Parameters (a) Measurement parameters can be saved and then called out later to allow efficient measurement of a number of samples under predetermined parameters. (b) To call out registered parameters, select the desired parameter ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 433

    6.4.5 6 - 85 (a) Specify a registration No. according to the setting of the Entry No. combo box. (b) Enter a caption in the Caption box that will facilitate calling out measurement parameters. (c) Set the type of measurement and measurement mode corresponding to the measurement to be executed. (d) For auto measurement, set the measurement parameter ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 434

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 86 6.4.5.5 Calibration The accuracy of measured values depends on the accuracy of image magnification unless calibration has been made. Factors that affect the accuracy include accelerating voltage, scan speed, magnification setting, working distance, raster rotation angle and others. By fixing these paramet ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 435

    6.4.5 6 - 87 (3) Carrying out Calibration (a) With the CD measurement function of the SEM main unit, set a sample for calibration into the SEM and set the instrument conditions to those actually used for measurement. Since the value of working distance is calculated from the focused objective lens current, adjusting the focus causes a variation in ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 436

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 88 (c) In measurement with the SEM data manager, use an image under the same SEM parameters as the image to be measured. (d) Set measurement parameters such as measurement mode and type of measurement on the CD Measurement or Measurement Condition window. When Manual measurement mode is selected, calibration ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 437

    6.4.5 6 - 89 (h) Click the Set button to display the measurement cursor for calibration according to the measurement parameters. For calibration in Manual mode, align the measurement cursors (both X and Y directions) with a position of known dimensions on the screen. For calibration in Auto mode, make sure the cursor box encloses the edges of the m ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 438

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 90 In case of measurement on the SEM Data Manager, a new image can be displayed by clicking a thumbnail. When new image file is opened during multi point calibration, recording condition will be compared with that of previous measured image. If recording condition of old and new images do not match, a warnin ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 439

    6.4.5 6 - 91 6.4.5.6 Measurement Operation The following six kinds of measurement are mainly available. • Manual measurement • Successive manual measurement • Auto measurement • Successive auto measurement • Width & pitch manual measurement • Width & pitch auto measurement (1) Manual Measurement (a) With the measurement type at ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 440

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 92 Fig. 6.4-20 Manual Measurement Result (d) In the CD measurement function of the SEM main unit, click the Run button again and the system will return to image observation. (e) By setting the measuring direction to Angle and clicking the Set button of CD Measurement window, a measurement cursor that permits ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 441

    6.4.5 6 - 93 (f) Drag the cursor with the mouse and align it with the part to be measured, then click Enter button. Angle measurement can thus be done as in Fig. 6.4-22. Calibration is not performed in the case of angle measurement. Fig. 6.4-22 Angle Measurement Result (2) Successive Manual Measurement (a) By selecting Multiple under manual measure ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 442

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 94 Fig. 6.4-23 Successive Manual Measurement Results (3) Auto Measurement (a) With the measurement type at Standard , measurement mode at Auto and measuring direction at X or Y , click the Set button on CD Measurement window, and the auto measurement cursors will appear as shown in the figure. The measuremen ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 443

    6.4.5 6 - 95 (c) Set the cursors and click the Measure button to start measurement. When there are two or more measurement points, a "+" sign appears at the location where an edge was detected for each measurement point, and when the measurement of all the points is finished, the cursor moves to the part representing the average value of ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 444

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 96 (4) Successive Auto Measurement (a) Set Multiple in the measurement parameters the same as for auto measurement, then successive auto measurement can be achieved. Click Set button on the CD Measurement window and measurement cursors as for auto measurement will appear. (b) Drag the measurement cursor box ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 445

    6.4.5 6 - 97 Fig. 6.4-27 Width & Pitch Manual Measurement Cursors (c) Drag the cursor via the mouse to the edge to be measured, and set the position. The side where the "+" sign is located represents the width. (d) Align the cursor with the part to be measured as in manual measurement, click the Enter button and then the measured resu ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 446

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 98 (6) Width & Pitch Auto Measurement (a) Set the measurement type to W&P , measurement mode to Auto and measuring direction to X or Y , then width and pitch can be simultaneously measured automatically. (b) Click Set button on CD Measurement window. The auto measurement cursors will appear. The meas ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 447

    6.4.5 6 - 99 Fig. 6.4-30 Width & Pitch Auto Measurement Results Display ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 448

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 100 (7) Zoom function A partial image besides the cursor is magnified and shown on the Zoom window. Check the Zoom box to use the zoom function. The crosshair cursor corresponds to the cursor position. It will be useful for accurate fitting of cursor to the point to be measured in manual measurement mode. Fi ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 449

    6.4.5 6 - 101 6.4.5.7 Recording Measured Data The image can be photographed or saved with measured data as is shown on the screen. Also the measurement data is saved in text format or in Microsoft Excel format. (1) Photographing an image with measured data When operating on S-3400N, click Memory Photo button, or select Memory Photo command in the F ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 450

    6.4 CD Measurement Function (Option) 6 - 102 The following table is an example of measured data saved in csv format and opened with Microsoft Excel. (Measurement on SEM Data Manager) Where 3 times of width-pitch (left side width), width-pitch (right side width), 5 times of horizontal and vertical width and 5 times of angle are measured and then, sa ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 451

    APPENDIX - 1 APPENDIX Message List The table below lists messages that can appear when the S-3400N is being used. Messages without a message code are for instructions, simple notifications, or confirmation messages; they are not included in the table below. Message codes listed below that are marked with an * appear as error codes. Code Message Tex ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 452

    APPENDIX - 2 Code Message Text Explanation and Countermeasure *2032 Timeout error. This message will be shown when operations such as auto focusing did not end within specified period. If it happens frequently, contact a service engineer. 2034 Rotate R-axis with 90 degree pitches. The rotation angle is limited to only 90 deg steps. *2035 Failed in ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 453

    APPENDIX - 3 Code Message Text Explanation and Countermeasure 2070 For correct operation of the PC- SEM, set the Display properties at 1280x1024 pixels for the desktop area. And confirm setting of the color palette and the refresh rate are optimal value to PC and the monitor. (Recommended setting: Full color (about16illion), 60Hz or 75Hz) During pr ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 454

    APPENDIX - 4 Code Message Text Explanation and Countermeasure 2143 User name is too long. Up to 64 characters are acceptable. Use User name shorter than 64 characters. 2144 Invalid Sample name. The Sample name possibly includes characters not allowed (/ : ; , * ? “ < > |). 2145 Sample name is too long. Up to 40 characters are acceptable. Us ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 455

    APPENDIX - 5 Code Message Text Explanation and Countermeasure 4503 Please input caption. Input Caption before applying calibration or measurement parameters. 4504 Invalid caption. The caption possibly includes characters not allowed (/ : ; , * ? “ < > |). 4505 Caption is too long. Use Caption shorter than 16 characters. 4510 Over maximum nu ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 456

    APPENDIX - 6 Code Message Text Explanation and Countermeasure 5040 Cannot execute while not initialize X axis 5041 Cannot execute while not initialize Y axis 5042 Cannot execute while not initialize Z axis 5043 Cannot execute while not initialize T axis 5044 Cannot execute while not initialize R axis Initialization of each axis in progress. Wait un ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 457

    APPENDIX - 7 Code Message Text Explanation and Countermeasure 6004 The selected sample height cannot be set by present detector/unit. 6005 The selected detector/unit cannot be set by present sample height. 6006 The selected sample size cannot be set by present sample height. 6007 The selected sample height cannot be set by present sample size. 6008 ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 458

    APPENDIX - 8 Code Message Text Explanation and Countermeasure 7069 Auto alignment process has not completed due to un-suitable SEM conditions. Set SEM conditions according to the following procedure. (1) In the case where focus is improper: The sample must suit focus to the scope of control or suit the stage position. (2) In the case where the aper ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 459

    APPENDIX - 9 Code Message Text Explanation and Countermeasure *7304 Evacuation system is not working. Check power switch. The system fails to start due to an evacuation system error. Shut down the PC, turn off the Main switch, wait 30 minutes, and then restart the system. If turning off the Main switch does not shut off the power, turn off the Main ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 460

    APPENDIX - 10 Code Message Text Explanation and Countermeasure 7315 The error of the TMP vacuum pump was detected. Shut down the PC and turn the [MAIN] switch off. Restart the microscope after about half an hour. When this message is shown again, contact a service engineer. 7316 The vacuum exhaust with the TMP vacuum pump was not normally done. Shu ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 461

    APPENDIX - 11 Code Message Text Explanation and Countermeasure 7320 An abnormal power supply (Vacc) in the electron gun control power supply was detected. Shut down the PC and turn the [MAIN] switch off. Restart the microscope after about half an hour. When this message is shown again, contact a service engineer. 7321 An abnormal power supply (Vfil ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 462

    INDEX - 1 INDEX A AAA(Auto Axial Alignment) .................................................................................................. 3- 27 ABA(Auto Beam Alignment) .................................................................................................. 3-20 ABCC(Auto Braightness and Contrast Control) ............................ ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 463

    INDEX - 2 C Condition Condition Memory ...................................................................................................... 3-128 Operating Condition.................................................................................................... 3-128 Photo Condition ............................................................ ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 464

    INDEX - 3 I Image Brightness ............................................................................................................... ..... 3-44 Image Navigation............................................................................................................... ...... 3-79 Image Observation ........................................ ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 465

    INDEX - 4 R Raster Rotation .......................................................................................................... 2-45, 3-134 Recording ........................................................................... 2-33, 3-95, 3-96, 3-108, 3-109, 3-110 RISM .......................................................................... ...

  • Hitachi S-3400N - page 466

    INDEX - 5 W WD (Working Distance) ............................................................................ 2-40, 3-20, 3-55, 3-159 Window .............................................. 2-14, 2-26, 2-27, 3-96, 3-101, 3-102, 3-116, 3-161, 3-163 X X-ray Analysis Mode ................................................................................. ...

Manufacturer Hitachi Category Microscope & Magnifier

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