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Yamaha dx100 - page 1
YAMAHA AUTHORIZED PRODUCT MANUAL DIGITAL PROGRAMMABLE ALGORITHM SYNTHESIZER ® ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 2
YAMAHA ® DIGITAL PROGRAMMABLE ALGORITHM SYNTHESIZER OWNER’S MANUAL ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 3
CONGRATULATIONS! Your Yamaha DX100 Digital Programmable Algorithm Synthesizer incorporates state- of-the-art digital FM tone generation technology, providing extraordinarily vibrant, rich voices and outstanding playability. The DX100 has a programmable 24-voice INTERNAL memory (RAM) from which any voice can be selected at the touch of a button, two ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 4
PRECAUTIONS 1. Location 2. Cleaning 3. Service and Modifications 4. Relocation 5. HandIing 6. Electrical Storms (Lightning) 7. EIectromagnetic Fields Avoid locations exposed to direct sunlight or other sources of heat. Also avoid locations subject to vibration, excessive dust, cold or moisture. Do not attempt to clean the exterior with chemical sol ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 5
CHAPTER I: SETTING UP 1. Audio Outputs 2. Optional Foot Switch 3. Optional BC-1 Breath Con troller 4. Headphones 5. MIDI Terminals 6. Cassette 7. Battery, AC Power Adaptor The DX100 has a single mono audio output for its tone generator channel. This is labelled OUTPUT. It permits sending a mono signal to either a mono or stereo sound system, or a m ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 6
NOTE: 8. Power-ON, Low Battery LED Indicator 9. LCD Contrast Control 10. ID Function When setting up your system, be sure to turn the DX100 and any effects units used on BEFORE turning the main amplifier system on. This will prevent the initial power-on shock surge from possibly damaging your amplifier and speaker system. The DX100 features a Power ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 7
Insert 6 AA size dry batteries (optional). Remove the cover at the rear of the main 11. W hen using dry unit and set the batteries while checking the polarity. When doing so, be sure to batteries set the ribbon for removing batteries under the second one from the left. After inserting the dry batteries, replace the cover of the battery case. *AC po ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 8
CHAPTER II: PLAYING THE DX100 1. DX100 Voice Memory Configuration The DX100 has three different voice memories which serve different purposes. They are: The 24-voice INTERNAL memory. This voice memory is used for quick selection of voices for performance, and it is to this memory that original voices you have edited or programmed are initially stor ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 9
mode, while the second group is accessed in the SHIFT mode (these modes will be described below. These voices may be selected and stored in the BANK or INTERNAL memories as desired. They can also be directly accessed and played using the PRESET SEARCH function. The chart below shows the overall DX100 voice memory configuration. The VOICE EDIT BUFFE ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 10
In this mode, you can play any of the voices currently in the DX100’s 24-voice INTERNAL memory individually. The BANK PLAY mode enables you to access the 96 BANK memory locations. 3. The BANK PLAY These initially contain the first group of 96 voices from the 192-voice PRESET Mode ROM. Using the SHIFT mode, however, you can also access the second ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 11
The DX100 comes with 192 different pre-programmed voices in an internal ROM (Read Only Memory).These voiced can be loaded singly into the DX100's selectable 24-voice INTERNAL memory, or into any location in the DX100 bank memory. 4. The 192-Voice PRESET Memory THE 192 PRESET ROM VOICES NORMAL MODE VOICES Group 1 01 IvoryEbony 0 2 Oprt piano 03 ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 12
PRESET SEARCH This function allows you to directly access the voices in the PRESET memory, in the order they appear in the PRESET memory. PRESET SEARCH is accessed in the FUNCTION mode. To enter the FUNCTION mode press the FUNCTION button. Then press any of the PRESET SEARCH se- lectors to access the corresponding voices (these are the same as the ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 13
CHAPTER III: THE FUNCTION MODE The FUNCTION mode permits access to four groups of functions: tuning functions, MIDI functions, memory management functions, and performance functions. In this chapter we’ll describe each of these functions; what they do and how they are programmed. The FUNCTION mode is called by pressing the FUNCTION button. Indivi ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 14
* Note that performance parameters 13 through 24 can be individually stored for each voice. They must therefore be stored in the appropriate INTERNAL RAM voice memory location after editing using the STORE function (see CHAPTER IV: VOICE PROGRAMMING, 4. Storing Voice Data). 13: POLY/MONO This function selects either the POLY or MONO note output mod ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 15
15: PORTAMENTO MODE Two different portamento modes are available: Full Time Portamento and Fingered Portamento. When the POLY/MONO function is set to POLY (button 13), only the Full Time Portamento mode is accessible. In the MONO mode, you have a choice between the Full Time and Fingered portamento modes. (1) “Full T. Porta” (MONO and POLY mode ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 16
LFO modulation can be made to modulate the pitch of the voice, producing a range of vibrato type effects. This function is used to set the maximum depth of pitch modulation which can be applied using the modulation wheel. The actual effect produced depends on the settings of the LFO parameters, these will be discussed in CHAPTER IV: VOICE PROGRAMMI ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 17
20: BREATH RANGE, PITCH This function is used to set the maximum depth of LFO pitch modulation that can be applied using the breath controller. The actual effect produced depends on the settings of the LFO parameters-these will be discussed in CHAPTER IV : VOlCE PROGRAMMING. Note, however, that the appropriate voice PITCH MODU- LATION SENSlTlVlTY p ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 18
23: BREATH RANGE, EG BIAS This function permits breath pressure applied to the BC-1 breath controller to directly control the amplitude or timbre of the voice, according to settings of the corre- sponding voice parameters which will be covered in CHAPTER IV . The LFO has no effect–only your breath pressure directly affects the amplitude or timbre ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 19
be used once after this function is called. Subsequent changes must be made using the DATA ENTRY slider and -1 /+1 buttons after the INTERNAL PLAY mode and KEY SHIFT function have been entered in succession. and KEY SHIFT function have been entered in succession. The KEY SET function can not be individually programmed for each voice NOTE: This sect ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 20
7: INIT VOICE This function sets all voice parameters in the voice edit buffer to their “initialized” values, permitting voice programming from an effectively neutral set of values—a “clean slate”. When this function is called, the LCD will read “Init. Voice?” Confirm your intention to initialize the voice edit buffer by pressing the ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 21
for convenience and ease of selection during a performance, you would use the BANK EDIT function to place your 10 required voices in locations 1–10 in BANK A. There are 4 entire banks in the BANK memory. This means you can have 4 per- sonally-arranged 24-voice groups to choose from, i.e., separate BANK for each set in a performance. To enter the ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 22
When this function is initially called, the LCD will read “Save to Tape ?” Confirm your intention to save the contents of the 24 voices to cassette tape by pressing the +1 button. The display will then read “Save ready?” At this point, reconfirm that the cassette recorder is set up properly, make sure a suitable blank tape is loaded into th ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 23
DATA ENTRY YES button again and start the cassette recorder running in the PLAY mode. Pressing the -1 button prior to the final step in the above process will abort the CASSETTE LOAD function. The DX100 will indicate each voice on the LCD as it is loaded. When the load function is completed, the LCD will read “Load Completed”. Stop the cassette ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 24
DX21 CASSETTE LOAD If you have a voice set programmed on a Yamaha DX21 Digital Programmable Algorithm Synthesizer, these voices can be transferred from data cassette into the DX100. Of course, since the DX100 has 24 voice memories while the DX21 has 32, using the DX100 cassette LOAD operation will load only the first 24 voices of the DX21 32-voice ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 25
is normally set to match the transmission or reception channel of the MlDI equipment to which the DX100 is connected. Data is entered using the DATA ENTRY control or -1/+1 buttons. Subsequent presses on the CHANNEL button call the “Omni: on/off”, “Midi R Ch=1–16”, and “Midi T Ch=1–16” selection modes. 4: CH INFO This is the MIDI cha ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 26
CHAPTER IV: VOICE PROGRAMMING Before you begin actually programming or editing your own voices, a basic un- 1. The Basics of FM derstanding of how digital FM synthesis works will be necessary. In the following Synthesis explanation, we will learn how the DX100’s FM voice generator produces complex voices. This information will help you to underst ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 27
Operators do not have to be connected “vertically” in a modulator-carrier re- lationship, as shown above. The outputs of two operators can also be mixed-just as the stops in an organ are mixed. In this case the sounds are simply added together with no modulation effect. ALGORlTHMS We have seen two different ways that two operators may be combin ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 28
Most algorithms have multiple modulators and carriers. In one algorithm a given operator may be a carrier, while in the next it might function as a modulator–the only difference being how it is connected. In algorithm number 5 for example, there are two vertical stacks of two operators, and the outputs of the carriers in these stacks are connecte ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 29
Still more variations can be achieved by changing the relative output levels between operators; the greater the level of the modulating operator, the more harmonics are present. FEEDBACK Note that every algorithm has one operator with a “feedback loop”–represented by a line from the output of the operator which feeds back to the input of the ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 30
content of the note changes (the timbre changes) from the time the note is initiated to the time it decays. Each of the 4 operators available in DX100 can be programmed with its own en- velope. The envelope applied to a carrier will, generally, contribute to the overall volume envelope of the note, while an envelope applied to a modulator will con- ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 31
2. The EDIT and To actually program or edit a voice, you need to enter the EDIT mode. This is done by pressing the EDIT/COMPARE button in the group of buttons. COMPARE Modes When the EDIT mode is activated, the LCD will indicate the operator ON/OFF status (the group of four 1s or 0 S ), the currently selected voice parameter, and the currently sele ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 32
3. The Voice Parameters The following is a brief description of each available voice parameter, how it is programmed, and its effect. These parameters are selected by pressing the appro- priately labelled (purple labels indicate voice parameters) button while the DX100 is in the EDIT mode. PB MODE: OPERATOR SELECT This switch (located immediately a ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 33
2: FEEDBACK Feedback can be applied to one operator in each algorithm. Pressing this button permits setting the amount (level) of feedback which will be applied. The feedback level range is from 0 to 7. At 0, feedback is OFF, and at 7 maximum feedback is applied. Data is entered via the DATA ENTRY slider or buttons. The LFO “LFO” stands for Low ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 34
5: LFO DELAY Permits setting a delay of between 0 and approximately 10.7 seconds before the LFO modulation effect begins after a key is played. This is particularly useful for simulating brass instruments, human voice, etc., in which a vibrato effect is gradually applied after the note has been initiated. The data range is from 0 to 99. At 0 there ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 35
The beginning of the LFO cycle is normally synchronized with key-on timing. This parameter permits turning this synchronization on or off. All operators are affected simultaneously. When this parameter is on, the LFO cycle always begins from the peak of a positive half-cycle (90 degrees phase angle) when a key is played. This produces a clear, cons ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 36
effects can be applied to the selected operators. A setting of 7 produces maximum sensitivity and therefore maximum effect depth. 12: KEY VELOCITY While the DX100 has no key velocity sensitivity of its own, its voice generators will accept key velocity data from an external MIDI controller keyboard which does have this feature. This function determ ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 37
ratio at a low operator level with even-ratio operators to add bite to a string sound and many other effects. The standard DX100 keyboard pitch is 8’; therefore, in terms of footage: 0.50 = 16’, 1.00 = 8’, and 2.00 = 4’. 14: DETUNE This parameter permits slight detuning of the selected operator in relation to the others, making it possible ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 38
The following EG curves show the parameters for some common instruments. PIANO E.G. CURVE ORGAN E.G. CURVE BRASS E.G. CURVE 20: OPERATOR OUT LEVEL Permits setting the output level of the selected operator. The data range is from 0 to 99. At 0, the operator is OFF. A setting of 99 produces maximum output level from the selected operator. Varying the ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 39
4. Storing Voice Data If you have edited any of the above voice parameters and wish to store the new voice, you must use the STORE function BEFORE PRESSING ANY VOICE BUTTON AFTER EXITING THE EDIT OR FUNCTION MODES, and store the new data in one of the 24 INTERNAL memories. For this reason it is a good idea to have a free memory location ready befor ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 40
If you choose to program a voice from scratch, you’ll need to have a clear memory location (or one containing a voice that you either don’t want or have already backed up on cassette tape, so that when you’ve completed programming the voice, you can save it). Since all editing is done in the separate voice edit buffer, nothing is erased while ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 41
CHAPTER V: VO ICE PROGRAMMING EXAMPLE In this section we’ll go through the steps in creating a fairly percussive electric piano voice from scratch. This simple example should help you understand the programming process. STEP 1: Initialize a Voice Enter the FUNCTION mode (press FUNCTION button) and call the MEMORY PROTECT function. Turn MEMORY PRO ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 42
STEP 4: STEP 5: STEP 6: STEP 7. STEP 8: Set the OP1 (carrier) EG Select the ENVELOPE GENERATOR AR parameter, and select operator 1 by pressing the OPERATOR SELECT button. We want an instantaneous attack, so AR should be set at 31. Select the D1R parameter and set to 10 for a relatively slow initial decay. Select the D1L parameter and set to 10. Sel ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 43
STEP 9: STEP 10: STEP 11: STEP 12: STEP 13: D1L = 0 D2R = 0 RR = 10 Copy OP3 (carrier) EG Parameters to OP4 (modulator) Hold down the EG COPY button and press the OPERATOR/AMS ON-OFF 4 button. Raise OP4 (modulator) Output Level Select OP4, select the OPERATOR OUTPUT LEVEL parameter and set it to 71. Set OP4 Frequency Ratio To get a metallic attack ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 44
STEP 15: Add Amplitude Modulation to OP2 As a final enhancement to our voice, let’s add just a touch of amplitude modulation to OP2—the main piano sound modulator. This will create a subtle chorus effect. Select the LFO WAVE parameter, set to triangle. Select the LFO SPEED parameter, set to 28. Select the AMD (Amplitude Modulation Depth) parame ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 45
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS Keyboard 49 keys, (Mini keybord) Sound Source FM Tone Generator (4 operators, 8 algorithms) Simultaneous Note Output 8 notes, reverse priority Internal Memory 24-voice internal RAM (alterable) 192-voice number bank (reading only) 96-voice number bank (alterable) Effects PITCH BLEND WHEEL, MODULATION, PORTAMENTO, SUSTAIN, KEY ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 46
MIDI DATA FORMAT 1. Transmission Conditions ACTIVE SENSING NOTE ON /OFF SUSTAIN SWITCH PITCH BENDER POLY MODE MONO MODE MODULATION WHEEL BREATH CONTROLER DATA ENTRY SLIDER VOLUME (DATA ENTRY SLIDER : PLAY MODE) PORTAMENTO SWlTCH PROGRAM CHANGE PARAMETER CHANGE I VOICE BULK 32 VOICE BULK 45 ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 47
All MIDI data is transmitted when the MIDI ON/OFF function is ON. The MIDI 2. Transmission Data transmission channel is determined by the setting of the MIDI T CH function. 2-1. Channel Information 2-1-1 Channel Voice Message (1) Key On/Off Status 1001nnnn(9n) n=channel no. Note. no. 0kkkkkkk k=36(C1) ~ 84(C5) Velocity 01000000(40) Key on 00000000( ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 48
2-2 System Information 2-2-1 System Real-Time Message Active sensing Status 11111110(FE) Transmitted once approximately every 200 milliseconds 2-2-2 System Exclusive Message Transmitted only when MIDI SYS INFO is ON (1) Parameter Change Status 11110000(F0) ID no. 01000011(43) Substatus/ch. no. 0001 nnnn(1n) n=channel no. Parameter group no. 0001001 ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 49
Byte count 00000000(00) Data 0ddddddd 4096 bytes 0ddddddd Checksum 0eeeeeee EOX 11110111(F7) The data of 32 voices, including the 24 voices in RAM memory, will be transmitted if the YES key is pressed in response to the "MIDI Transmit?” display which appears when the SYS INFO key is pressed twice in the FUNCTION mode. The data for all 32 voi ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 50
3. Reception Conditions 49 ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 51
All MIDI data is received when the MIDI ON/OFF function is ON. When a specific 4. Reception Data MIDI receive channel has been selected using the MIDI R CH fuction, and the OMNl mode is OFF, MIDI data will be recieved only on the specified channel. MIDI data will be received on all channels when the OMNI mode is ON. 4-1. Channel Information 4-1-1 C ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 52
Functions only on MSB data: MSB 00000000 Lowest value 01000000 Center value 01111111 Highest value 4-1-2 Channel Mode Message Status 1011nnnn n=channel no. 0ccccccc 0vvvvvvv Received whether MIDI CH INFO is ON or OFF C=123 C=126 C=127 V=0 V=1 V=0 All notes OFF MONO mode ON POLY mode ON 4-2 System Information 4-2-1 System Real-Time Message Active se ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 53
(3) 1 Voice Bulk Data Received only when MIDI SYS INFO is ON. The format is the same as for the transmitted 1 voice bulk data. The 93 voice data bytes are read into the voice edit buffer, replacing the current voice data. The 93 received data bytes are show in voice parameter table 5-2. CHORUS, FOOT VOLUME RANGE and PEG data are ignored. (4) 32 Voi ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 54
5. System Exclusive Data 5-1. VOICE DATA (VMEM format) Parameter no. P Parameter 0 ATTACK RATE 1 DECAY 1 RATE 2 DECAY 2 RATE 3 RELEASE RATE 4 DECAY 1 LEVEL OP4 5 KEYBOARD SCALING LEVEL 6 AMPLITUDE MODULATION ENABLE/EG BIAS SENSITIVITY/KEY VELOCITY 7 OUTPUT LEVEL 8 OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY 9 KEYBOARD SCALING RATE/DETUNE 10 SAME AS FOR OP4 OP2 19 20 SAME ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 55
5-2. VOlCE PARAMETERS (VCED format) parameter no. P parameter LCD Display Data Note 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 25 26 38 39 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 ATTACK RATE DECAY 1 RATE DECAY 2 RATE RELEASE RATE DECAY 1 LEVEL KEYBOARD SCALING LEVEL KEYBOARD SCALING RATE OP4 EG BIA ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 56
5-3. FUNCTION PARAMETERS Parameter no. P 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 Parameter OPERATOR ENABLE/DISABLE OPETATOR SELECT EDIT MODE 1 = ON FUNCTION MODE 1 = ON STORE MODE 1 = ON LCD Display E, e F, f Mem Store Note 0, 1 0 ~3 0, 1 0, 1 0, 1 PLAY MOD ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 57
[ Digital Programmable Algorium Synthesizer] Date : 5/10, 1985 Model DX100 MIDI Implementation Chart Version : 1.0 Transmitted Function ... : Recognized : Remarks Basic Default 1 - 16 1 - 16 : memorized Channel Changed 1 - 16 1 - 16 : Default 3 1, 2, 3, 4 : memorized Mode Messages POLY, MONO (M=1) : Altered : Note 36 - 84 0 - 127 : Numbe r : True v ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 58
VOICE/FUNCTION DATA DATA NAME : DATE : NUMBER : PROGRAMMER : 57 ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 59
DATA NAME DATE : PROGRAMMER : No. VOICE NAME REMARKS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 58 ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 60
FCC INFORMATION (USA) While the following statements are provided to comply with FCC Regulations in the United States, the corrective measures listed below are applicable worldwide. This series of Yamaha professional music equipment uses frequencies that appear in the radio frequency range and if in- stalled in the immediate proximity of some types ...
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Yamaha dx100 - page 61
YAMAHA Yamaha Corporation of America 6600 Orangethorpe Avenue, P.O. Box 6600, Buena Park, CA 90622-6600 2/16/98 27792 DX100 OM Recycled ...
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