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Polaroid SX70 - page 1
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Polaroid SX70 - page 2
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Polaroid SX70 - page 3
I - DESCRIPTION The Polaroid Land SX-70 is a folding, pocket sized, single-lens reex camera which takes and immediately delivers full-color pictures approximately 31/4 inches square (see gures 1-1, 1-2 and 1-3). Operation is automatic; the user merely inserts the lm, focuses and shoots. power is provided by a six-volt battery inside the ? ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 4
The subject is viewed and focused throught the taking lens, a mirror , a Fresnel viewing screen (with spilt-image focusing aid) and a optical system to focus the image at the viewing eye- piece. As in all single-lens reex cameras, the shutter must be open to provide an image at the eye-piece. This requirement is fullled by the automatic elect ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 5
When the camera is fully opened, the interlock switch (S6), located at the left rear corner of the mirror cover , is closed and the battery is connected to the camera electrical circuit. (Figure 1-4). The front coverlatchis located on the right side of the camera just inside the rim of the bottom cover assembly . Pressing down on this yellow latch ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 6
Thus, the cover must be fulled closed, the gears engaged, and the latch fully seated, in order to actuate the drive motor . As S7 closes, power is applied to the drive motor (S8 is also involved and is discussed in a following paragraph), the gear train is set in motion and actuates a device called the lm pick. The pick engages the dark slide, p ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 7
shutter to initiate a series of events. The shutter blades close to cut off the optical path. The hinged Fresnel viewing screen is swung upward and comes to rest in front of the xed viewing mirror (Figure 1-8 B). The shutter opens and closes to perform the exposure function. A rst-surfaced taking mirror is fastened to the underside of the Fre ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 8
slide. The counter will start at number 10. Since switches S8 and S9 are physically attached to the counter , the camera will cycle through 10 exposures even though there be less than 10 sheets of lm in the pack. This deviation must be recognized whenever a partially exposed pack is used. The image is reected by the mirror onto the lm surf ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 9
When through using camera it be can folded and latched in its closed conguration by pushing the erecting link. When the camera is closed, the interlock switch (S6) is opened so that the battery is completely disconnect from the camera circuits. The trim wheel (the lighten / darken adjustement associated with the photocell) automatically returns ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 10
When the release button is pressed, a switch S1 closes (Figure 1-1 1 A and B) and applies operating power to the shutter . As soon as power is applied to the shutter , solenoid #1 is energized and rapidly moves the shutter blades to the closed position. When the solenoid has reached the end of its stroke (shutter closed, it no longer requires maxim ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 11
to an adequate level to hold the solenoid after the high-current circuit has completed the solenoid operating function and switches on the motor drive circuit. Thus, the shutter will remain closed, with minimum battery drain. Light entering the lens is now cut off and the reex mirror is swung upward to picture-taking position. The electronic lat ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 12
mechanical device identied as the interceptor connected to the lens focusing mecchanism (Figure 1-13 A). the interceptor is moved as the lens is focused regardless of whether ambient-light or ash pictures are being taken. When ash bar is in place (S2 closed) and the gear train opens switchs S5 (Fighure 1-14), solenoid #2 is energized and p ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 13
Figure 1-14 S5 being opened by the recock ram (Gear train) Figure 1-13 B Interceptor link, Solenoid 2, S2 operation - Solenoid energized ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 14
In cameras with «P» conguration or later shutter there is no ambient light measurement made. If a ash bar is in the shutter socket a ash picture will result regardless of the ambient light level. On early cameras, an ambient light measurement is made during the ash delay period. Since the photocell aperture is a part of the shutter bl ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 15
II - THEOR Y OF OPERA TION A general description of the camera and the sequence of its functions is contained in Section I. In that section, detailed analysis of individual assemblies and electrical circuits was minimized so that emphasis could be placed on the intenelation-ship of various functions. In the following paragraphs, the individual grou ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 16
the subject passes through the camera lens and is reected by the viewing mirror (on the inside surface of the mirror cover) to the Fresnel viewing screen. The entire subject image is now reproduced on the viewing screen. At this point, viewnder optics must be employed for focusing. The optics must transfer the image from the viewing screen to ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 17
The screen itself is a sheet of plastic upon which are impressed series of concentric rings much like the grooves pressed into a phonograph record (Figure 2-3) instead of having a vee shaping; however , the grooves in the Fresnel screen form a saw-tooth with a tooth angle increasing slightly with each successive groove in such a manner as to comple ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 18
mirror , the 6-edges viewing mirror is used in the optical path twice. First, the light rays entering the camera from the taking lens are reected onto the Fresnel screen by the viewing mirror . Secondly , the operator views the image on the screen with light reecting off the viewing mirror (Figure 2-1). (The viewing mirror is located on the u ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 19
The entire ECM (rather tna its individual integrated circuits) is used as a remplacement item. For that reason, the theory of operation and analysis techniques presented in this manual have prepared in such a way that the repairman can relate a specic camera failure mode to an ECM function. Figure 2-6 SX-70 Switch locations a- Switch S1 is actua ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 20
Figure 2-7 S3 Being opened by recock ram c- Switch S3, normally closed at the begining of the exposure cycle is opened by the recock ram located in the gear train assembly . See Figure 2-7. As the exposure sequence begins, S3 opens and actuates a delay circuit (Y delay) in the EMC which retards the start of the actual exposure approximately 40 mill ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 21
Figure 2-8 S4 Switch operating congurations damage to the circuit in the event that ashbulb becomes short-circuited after it is red. e- Switch S5 (normally closed at the beginning of the exposure cycle), like S3, is located in the gear train and actuated by the recock ram (Figure 2-7). When the gear train rotates to appropriate point in it ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 22
Figure 2-8 A S8 - S9 Exposure counter switches h- Switch S8 (Figure 2-8 A) is part of the exposure counter operated by the counter wheel. As S7 closes, power is applied, ejecting the dark slide. After the dark slide ejection, the counter wheel turns, opening S8. S8 then remains open until the lm pack is removed. When the pack is taken out, S8 cl ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 23
mechanical coupling device set the exposure counter to the position just before the rst exposure and closed S8, but since S7 has removed all battery power no action occurs). h- At the end of the 40 millisecond delay period, the ECM removes power from solenoid #1 and the shutter opens. Simultaneously , the circuit starts timing the exposure (inte ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 24
k- If the operator has removed pressure from exposure button all power will be removed and the shutter blades will open to permit viewing. If the button has not been released, the shutter blades will remain closed until the operator removes his nger from the button. at the aperture for ash exposure at the set distance (Figure 1-13). The inter ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 25
The following paragraphs describe the manner in which the mechanical components of the shutter respond to either manual or electrical direction. 1. When the operator prepares to take a picture, he rst must aim and focus the camera. As he rotates the focus wheel to bring the split Fresnel image into focus, a cam molded into the rear surface of th ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 26
Figure 2-9 A Solenoid S2 operation 2. When an ambeint light exposure is being made, all of the action just described takes place but does not affect the shutter action. However , when a ash array is inserted switch S2 in the ash socket programs the electronics to energize solenoid #2. The impact of this action on the movement of the shutter b ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 27
Figure 2-10 Spread roller system The basic theory of the lm processing method remains unchanged from previous Polaroid system. That is , the developping chemistry is encapsuled in a pod on each sheet of lm and, as the sheet is passed between rollers, the pod is burst and the chemical spread evenly between the negative and the mylar protective ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 28
partial pack : the top of the sheet of lm would be ejected as a dark slide and the counter would registrer «10». After the last actual sheet is used, the camera would still function until «0» is reached. If a ash bar were attached, and an unused bulb was available after the last lm sheet was used, attempting to make another exposure wo ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 29
CLOSED BY OPER TOR S4 SWITCHES AC to BC S4 SWITCHES AC to BC CLOSES CLOSES S1 S4 BC S4 BC S4 AC End "Y" S5 S3 S3 S5 ST 2 S1 T - 0 S2 → Closed if flash array inserted Solenoid #2 power up (S2 closed) ● S9 opens when previous pack removed ● S6 closed during the erecting mode ● S8 closed until film cover ejected ● Gears between fro ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 30
III - TROUBLESHOOTING The Sx-70 camera is an electronically controlled device, the electronics being in the integrated circuits (IC) mounted in the Electronic Control Modul (ECM) and Flash Fire Assembly (FF A) in the shutter housing and in the Motor Control Circuit (MCC) in the camera back. Because the IC’s are non-reparaible items, there is no r ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 31
SX-70 CMAERA REP AIR INSPECTION PROCEDURE A. FUNCTIONAL TEST 1. Perform light leak test. 2. Check focus and trim wheel torque. 3. Check trim wheel reset ±2 teeth and front cover to shutter gap. 4. Cycle camera 3 times at 5.0 and 6.4 volts with power pack. 5. Focus camera at 8’ - performe aperture test (see specication sheet). 6. Ambient mode ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 32
Figure 3-2 SX-70 Collimator Figure 3-1 Film pack simulator and power suplly Checkout the SX-70 camera requires the use of several pieces of test equipment. The purpose of this section is to instruct you in the proper use of this equipment. 1. Po we r s up pl y an d pa c k si m ul at or (F ig u re 3 -1 ) In use the system subsitutes for the lm pa ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 33
Figure 3-2 T ypical collimation conditions Figure 3-3 Location of new collimator target a. Collimation of the Split Image Viewing System. NOTE : If the collimator is not available, set the focus wheel to innity and look at a scene at least 200 feet away . Observe that the focus is sharp within a tolerance of -1 tooth to +2 teeth beyond the in ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 34
Figure 3-5 Disengaging the idler gear (2) Open the camera front cover slide the camera onto the horn of the collimator . Make sure that the camera is all the way on the horn so that the camera is captured by the spring latches. (3) Swing the collimator innity lens to its vertical position. (Be sure the 8’ lens is not in the viewing path.) (4) ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 35
(8) Look through the camera and observe the vertical line target. Compare the observed image with Figure 3-4 to determine if the camera is within specications. NOTE : There is no separate close-focus adjustement on the camera. if the focus wheel has reached its stop before maximum resolution is achieved, return to the innity check. If there i ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 36
b. Ambient mode exposure test (1) Place the S2 switch int he OPEN position. Set the voltage to 5.8 volts (2) Set the light level selector to the desired 100 light level (3) Slide the camera over the horn on the tester . The camera should go through the dark slide (S8) cycle. If not, remove the camera from the horn, determine the cause of failure, a ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 37
more times. The READY and FLASH indicator lamps should sequence as in step 3. (6) On the ash simulator assembly , press and release the RESET button. (7) Press the exposure button actuator . The number one READY indicator lamp should remain lighted and the number one FLASH indicator should not light. (Checks S9.) NOTE : The toggle switches on th ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 38
(4) Slide the camera fully onto the horn. (5) Select the light level desired on the Comparalumen and slide the horn up against the appropriate window . (Position the horn so that the locating pad on the front of the horn touches the window .) (6) Insert a remote shutter release cable into the socket on the right side of the shutter . (7) Rotate the ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 39
camera in the mirror up picture taking position). (Both of these tests must be done in a darkened aera.) a. Static tests (1) Erect the camera and remove the front cover assembly . Close S7. (2) T urn on the power supply and insert the light leak xture into the camera lm compartment. The camera should run through the dark slide eject cycle. (3 ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 40
Figure 3-10 Manual camera tester c. Install the ash simulator board into the camera ashbar socket in the same way as a ashbar would be installed . d. Press the red exposure button, S1. e. Observe that LED #1 ashes. f. Flip switch S1 up. g. Press the red exposure button. h. Observe that LED #2 ashes. i. Flip switch S2 up. j. In like m ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 41
MANUAL FUNCTION TEST SEQUENCE T est Mode Action Shutter Response S6/S7 Close S6/S7 Press and release S1 button to check for mechanical binding. Observe current drain. No reaction (Blades open, motor off) AMBIENT Exposure Mode Remove ash array from shutter . Close S1 Open S5 Open S1 Open S3 Close S3 Close S5 Blades close; motor runs Blades close; ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 42
Figure 3-1 1 SX-70 Viewnder system Figure 3-12 Installing the exit pupil gage Viewnder quality refers to the general quality and alignment of the camera optics. For the user , it can be precisely dened as the appearance and clarity of the image as seen through the viewing system (Figure 3-1 1). When a camera has poor viewnder quality , ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 43
Figure 3-14 Exit pupil images Figure 3-13 Aligning the exit pupil gage (3) The mounting rails for the gage must be ush with the eyelens frame. Check by holding the bottom of the eyelens frame with the thumb and apply slight pressure in the upper front of the gage with the right index nger . The gage should be secure. NOTE : A left handed pers ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 44
Figure 3-15 Identifying distorted mirrors 3. Concave Mirror Distortion Check a. Focus on a target which presents a clear vertical line (for example a door frame). b. Scan the camera horizontally . c. If the mirror is not distorted, the vertical line seen in the eyepiece will vary at the camera is scanned. At either side of the eld, the line will ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 45
Figure 3-16 Fresnel standards chart you to a chart. In all cases, the fault analysis charts present the logical sequence of checks and remedial procedures. These charts are divided into three parts : - one, (CAMERA ANAL YSIS) for problem analysis when the camera is completely assembled - two, (OPTICAL ANAL YSIS) for analysis of the viewnder part ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 46
Figure 3-18 Flex circuit terminal locations 1. Camera/Shutter Isolation T o expedite the repair procedure, it is essential that the malfunction be isolated to either the camera back or the shutter as early as possible in the troubleshooting procedure. The sequence should not be considered inexible, however . a. Disassemble the camera to the poin ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 47
Figure 3-19 T est points on SX-70 shutters Figure 3-18 T esting instrument connections d. With the 1000 ohm resistor still in place, connect a jumper wire between the motor (minus TP9 contact) and the battery (minus TP1 contact) for a moment : (1) If the motor runs, the MMC is defective. (2) If the motor does not run, the motor is defective e. Remo ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 48
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Polaroid SX70 - page 49
IV - REP AIR AND ADJUSTMENTS This section of the manual is primarily devoted to disassembly/reassembly procedures. These procedures provide step by step instructions aimed at guiding the technician through the intricacies of SX-70 camera repair . The procedures cover such things as replacement of improper linkages or connections, repair of electric ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 50
Figure 4-1 Front cover hinge studs Figure 4-2 Comparison of spread roll brackets (4) Close the front cover and recheck; bend further if necessary . (5) With the front cover open, observe for a clearance between the latch and the 3 rd idler gear . (6) Observe that the stop pin (Figure 4-3) is not resting on the outer plate when the front cover is cl ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 51
Figure 4-4 Comparison of decal before and after front cover closure Figure 4-3 Bending the stop latch ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 52
Figure 4-5 New spread roll conguration 1. Interference Between Front and Bottom Covers A few cameras may have an interference t between the S7 actuator post and the edge of the bottom cover when the front cover is opened. The problem has been traced to slightly oversize bottom covers. Problem bottom covers have a mark «PP 2½». One method o ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 53
Figure 4-6 Front cover light shield cam Figure 4-7 Replacing light shield cam When a new type shutter is installed, the cam in the light shield must be inspected and changed if necessary . The new cam should be installed in the same place and manner as the old cam (Figure 4-7). Remove the old cam uising an x-acto knife to cut the plastic rivets. Pl ...
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Polaroid SX70 - page 54
Figure 4-9 Shutter mount retaining screws 5 . In the following step, the bottom cover will be removed. T o prevent damage to the ex circuit, insert a thin strip (a small, metal, six-inch pocket scale, for example) between ex circuit and the inside cover surface. Move the tool from one locating stud to the other as the cover is being removed t ...
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