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Manuale per l’uso Fluke 76-908

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Summary
  • Fluke 76-908 - page 1

    Nuclear Associates 76-907 and 76-908 AAPM MRI Phantoms Users Manual March 2005 Manual No. 38616 Rev. 3 © 2003, 2005 Fluke Corporat i on, All rights reserved . Printed in U .S.A. All product names are trademar ks of their respective companies ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 2

    Fluke Biomedical Radiation Management Services 6045 Cochran Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 440.498.2564 www.flukebiomedical.com/rms ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 3

    i Table of Contents Section 1: General Info rmation ................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 Introduc tion .................................................................................................. 1-1 1.2 Phantom De scription ................................................................ ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 4

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  • Fluke 76-908 - page 5

    General Information Introduction 1 1-1 Section 1 General Information 1.1 Introduction This user's manual descr ibes a set of MRI phantoms that we re manufactured ba sed on the AAPM recommendations and thei r use in measuring t he MRI system performan ce. These phantoms were designed to measure them conv eniently and quickly. The AAPM recommend ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 6

    Nuclear Associates 76-908 & 76-907 Operators Manual 1-2 1.2.1 3D Resolution and Slice (3DRAS) Phantom (Model 76-908) The 3DRAS phantom has outer dim ensions of 6" x 6" x 5" (Figure 1-1). Six re solution inserts and slice thickness 4 ramp sets were placed inside of the recta ngular box to allow image acquisition in a ny one of the ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 7

    General Information Phantom Description 1 1-3 Figure 1-3. Resolution Sections in Three Imaging Pl anes The slice-thickness phanto m consists of two crossed thin ramps (Figure 1-4 ). Figure 1-4. Slice Thickness Phantom Triangular blocks make 4" x 4" sq uare with diagonal gaps of 1 or 2 mm. Four triangular blocks are glued with 1 mm or 2 mm ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 8

    Nuclear Associates 76-908 & 76-907 Operators Manual 1-4 A ramp-crossing angle of 90° yields an a ngle of 45° between the ramp and the imaging slice plane. Ea ch slice thickness section con sists of four triangular blocks arrang ed to form (signal producing) h ot ramps filling the gaps of 1 mm or 2 mm (Figure 1-5). Figure 1-5. Slice Thickness ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 9

    General Information Phantom Description 1 1-5 MR Phantom for Spatial Linearity, Signal-To-Noise, and Image Artifact Figure 1-6. UAL Phantom MRI Phantom for Spatial Linearity, Signal-To-Noise, and Image Artifact Figure 1- 7. UAL Phantom with Side View 4” 13” Glue Glue Glue Glue Flood Section Two Grids Stacked Glue Glue Glue 3/16” Wall ¼” Wa ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 10

    Nuclear Associates 76-908 & 76-907 Operators Manual 1-6 The flood phantom has a uniform solution, the image of which can be used to measure the uniformity in signal intensity in the images. The grid section con s ists of grids that can be used to assess geometri c linearity. A small pancake shaped containe r holding producing so lutio n is atta ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 11

    Operation Phantom Preparation 2 2-1 Section 2 Operation 2.1 Phantom Preparation The phantoms can be shipped filled with solutions or solutions can be shipped separately. Each use r can also prepare a solution. 2.1.1 Signal Producing Solution At each operating field st rength, AAPM recommends that the chos en NMR material should exhibit the followin ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 12

    Nuclear Associates 76-908 & 76-907 Operators Manual 2-2 2.2 Preparation for Scanning 2.2.1 Positioning the Phantom The 3DRAS phantom can be pla ced in a head coil or a body coil. The center of the phantom should coincide approximately with the center of the RF coil. The UAL phantom can be use d only with a body coil. 2.2.2 Scanning Parameters F ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 13

    Operation Tests with 3D Resolution and Slice (3DRAS) Phantom 2 2-3 resonance frequency adju stment and some may be completely automated. Resonance frequency shoul d be recorded daily for trend analysis. Values of resonance frequency should gene rally not deviate by more tha n 50 ppm between successive daily measurements. 2.3.2 Signal-To-Noise Ratio ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 14

    Nuclear Associates 76-908 & 76-907 Operators Manual 2-4 • The high contrast resolution should rem ain constant for repeated measurements und er the same scan conditions and should be equ al to the pixel size. For example, for a 25.6 cm field of view with a 256 x 256 acquisitions m atrix, the resolution should be 1 mm. 2.3.4 Slice Thickness Sl ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 15

    Operation Tests with 3D Resolution and Slice (3DRAS) Phantom 2 2-5 direction) is measured and relate d to the slice posi tion. For a 45° ramp, the distance from a centered reference pin to the slice profile midpoint will be equ al to the point of the ramps located at the isocenter. All measurements should be made al ong the line made up of the mag ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 16

    Nuclear Associates 76-908 & 76-907 Operators Manual 2-6 Figures 2-2 and 2-3 represent two adja cent sagital vi ews of the phantom. The resolution hole s are well resolved in vertical and ho rizontal direction and the two slices are 6 mm apart (SP = 14.5 and 20.5). The slice thickness images of short vertical lines on top and bottom of the phant ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 17

    Operation Tests with 3D Resolution and Slice (3DRAS) Phantom 2 2-7 Figures 2-4 and 2-5 show two adj acent coronal view s of the phantom. The slice thickne ss lines of 1 mm ramps on the right and bottom of the images are too faint to be seen . Figure 2-5 Figure 2-4. ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 18

    Nuclear Associates 76-908 & 76-907 Operators Manual 2-8 Figure 2-6 shows a resolution hole imag e against a background le ss opaque than in previou s images, indicating that the position of the resolution blo ck is su ch that it is partially covered by the slice. For resolution measure, it is advised to use a slice that co vers the central port ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 19

    Operation Tests with 3D Resolution and Slice (3DRAS) Phantom 2 2-9 Figures 2-7 and 2-8 show an exampl e of the slice thickness measureme nt analysis. A signal intensity profile is drawn vertically through a set of slice thi c kness ramp Images. The profile is the sli ce thickness profile. One can also obtain the slice thickness by me asu ring full ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 20

    Nuclear Associates 76-908 & 76-907 Operators Manual 2-10 2.4 Tests With Uniformity and Linearity (UAL) Phantom 2.4.1 Image Uniformity Image uniformity refers to the ability of the MR imag ing syste m to produce a constant signal re sponse throughout the scanned volume when th e object bei ng imaged has homogeneou s MR characteristics. Factors A ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 21

    Operation Tests with Uniformity and Linea rity (UAL) Phantom 2 2-11 (2) Non-linear m agnetic field gradients Variability is best observed over the largest field-of-view. The phantom should occupy at least 60% of the largest field-of-view. Figu re 1-1 provides an illustration of a patte rn that is used to evaluate spatial linearity. Consideration sh ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 22

    Nuclear Associates 76-908 & 76-907 Operators Manual 2-12 DC-Offset Errors DC-offset errors typically appear a s a single bright pixel (sometimes a s a dark pixel if overflow or processing has occurred) at the center of the image matrix. The existence of this error is a ssessed visually. Receive Quadrature Errors Receive quadrature gho sts will ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 23

    Operation Tests with Uniformity and Linea rity (UAL) Phantom 2 2-13 Figure 2-9 ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 24

    Nuclear Associates 76-908 & 76-907 Operators Manual 2-14 Figure 2-10 is a flood image showing the uniformity o f si gnal intensity. Field non-uniformit y is also shown on the outer edges. Figure 2-10 Figure 2-11 shows a horizont al inten sity profile with a narrow window setting. Such information ca n be used as baseline data. Figure 2-11 ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 25

    Operation Tests with Uniformity and Linea rity (UAL) Phantom 2 2-15 Figure 2-12 is an image of the signal bubble for quadr ature e rror. If there were any quadrature phase error, another ghost circle woul d be visible in the lo wer right-hand corne r of the image. Quadrature error has become less common in most of the recent MRI syste ms. Figure 2- ...

  • Fluke 76-908 - page 26

    Fluke Corporation Radiation Management Services 6045 Cochran Road Cleveland, Ohio 44139 440.498.2564 www.flukebiomedical.com/rms ...

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Un gruppo di documenti denominato manuali per l’uso, è anche suddiviso in tipi più specifici, come: Manuali di installazione Fluke 76-908, manuali di manutenzione, brevi manuali o manuali utente Fluke 76-908. A seconda delle esigenze, si dovrebbe cercare il documento necessario. Nel nostro sito web, puoi visualizzare il manuale più popolare per l'uso del prodotto Fluke 76-908.

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Manuale completo del dispositivo Fluke 76-908, come deve essere?
Il manuale per l’uso, denominato anche istruzioni per l’uso, o semplicemente il manuale è un documento tecnico progettato per aiutare ad utilizzare Fluke 76-908 dagli utenti. I manuali sono di solito scritti da uno scrittore tecnico, ma in un linguaggio accessibile a tutti gli utenti Fluke 76-908.

Il manuale per l’uso completo Fluke, dovrebbe includere vari elementi di base. Alcuni di loro sono meno importanti, come ad esempio: copertina / pagina del titolo o pagina di autore. Tuttavia, la parte rimanente, dovrebbe fornire informazioni importanti dal punto di vista dell'utente.

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